Esophageal hirudiniasis: an unusual cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding

Leeches are carnivorous, hermaphroditic, segmented worms mainly found in fresh water. The majority of leech attachments are external and short-lasting. Internal surfaces can be involved. Yet, esophageal attachment is very rare. We report a case of a 59-year-old female who presented with hematemesis, melena and chest pain. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a round black foreign body in the mid-third of the esophagus identified as a leech. We carefully extracted the worm with a forceps applied to the middle of its body. The diagnosis of leech infestation should be kept in mind when exploring gastrointestinal bleeding in patients living in rural areas and those with poor living conditions.