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Comprehensive Workflow of Mass Spectrometry-based Shotgun Proteomics of Tissue Samples
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Study on Proteomics-Based Aortic Dissection Molecular Markers Using iTRAQ Combined With Label Free Techniques.

Ting Deng1,2,3,4, Yongguang Liu5, Akindavyi Gael2,3,4,6

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.

Frontiers in Physiology
|August 1, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified potential serum biomarkers for acute aortic dissection (AAD). Lumican, FGL1, PI16, and MMP9 show promise for differential diagnosis and risk assessment in AAD patients, potentially aiding in early detection and improved outcomes.

Keywords:
Lumicanaortic dissectioniTRAQlabel-freeproteomic

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is a life-threatening condition with high mortality rates.
  • Current diagnostic tools like CTA lack rapid serum molecular markers for differential diagnosis and risk assessment.
  • AAD contributes significantly to cardiovascular medical disputes and early mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically screen for serum molecular markers differentiating aortic dissection from acute coronary syndrome.
  • To investigate the pathogenesis of acute aortic dissection.
  • To identify novel biomarkers for early diagnosis and risk stratification of AAD.

Main Methods:

  • Statistical analysis of medical dispute data (2013-2017) for AAD prevalence and outcomes.
  • Proteomic analysis (iTRAQ and label-free) of serum and aortic tissue samples from AAD patients and controls.
  • Validation of candidate biomarkers using ELISA, immunofluorescence, and Western blot.

Main Results:

  • Nine candidate proteins related to AAD pathogenesis were identified, including Lumican, FGL1, PI16, and MMP9.
  • ELISA confirmed statistically significant differences in Lumican, FGL1, PI16, and MMP9 levels.
  • FGL1, PI16, and MMP9 showed significantly increased expression in AAD patients, suggesting their role in the disease.
  • Elevated levels of TGF-β1, α-SMA, and Collagen1 were observed in aortic tissues, indicating pathway involvement.

Conclusions:

  • Lumican, FGL1, PI16, and MMP9 are potential serum biomarkers for acute aortic dissection.
  • The Lumican-mediated TGF-β1 pathway is implicated in the pathogenesis of AAD.
  • These biomarkers may facilitate differential diagnosis and risk assessment in AAD patients.