Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia01:30

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

116
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
116
Sign Convention01:30

Sign Convention

2.5K
When analyzing a beam subjected to various loads, it is crucial to understand the internal forces and moments generated within the structure. These internal forces can be broadly classified into normal forces, shear forces, and bending moments. To determine these forces and moments, we use the method of sections and apply a specific sign convention based on their direction and the side of the section being analyzed.
The normal force acts perpendicular to the beam's cross-section and can...
2.5K
Sign Test for Nominal Data01:12

Sign Test for Nominal Data

146
The sign test is a nonparametric method used to evaluate hypotheses about the median of a single sample or to compare the medians of two related samples. The sign test is particularly useful when dealing with nominal data, which includes distinct categories without an inherent order, such as names, labels, and preferences. Nominal data restricts statistical analysis to evaluating population proportions rather than mean or median values that require continuous data.
For example, consider a...
146
Introduction to the Sign Test01:10

Introduction to the Sign Test

974
The sign test is an important tool in nonparametric statistics, offering a straightforward yet effective method for analyzing matched pairs, nominal data, or hypotheses concerning the median of a population. It transforms data points into positive or negative signs, avoiding the need for assumptions about data distribution and instead focusing on the direction of change. It is particularly valuable when data does not conform to the normal distribution requirements of many parametric tests. For...
974
Sign Test for Matched Pairs01:17

Sign Test for Matched Pairs

202
The sign test for matched pairs offers a robust method for comparing two paired samples, often for the effects of an intervention in one of them. This method is very useful in situations where the underlying distribution of the data is unknown. The test compares two related samples—often pre- and post-treatment measurements on the same subjects—to determine if there are significant differences in their median values.
To conduct the sign test, we first calculate the differences in...
202
Negative Regulator Molecules01:23

Negative Regulator Molecules

35.8K
Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.
35.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Communicative Adaptations After Laryngectomy: Syntactic Complexity and Gesture Use.

International journal of language & communication disorders·2026
Same author

Towards holistic Compound Quality Scores: Extending ligand efficiency indices with compound pharmacokinetic characteristics.

Drug discovery today·2023
Same author

Identification of Highly Selective Orexin 1 Receptor Antagonists Driven by Structure-Based Design.

Journal of chemical information and modeling·2021
Same author

Structure and Grammaticalization of Serial Verb Constructions in Sign Language of the Netherlands-A Corpus-Based Study.

Frontiers in psychology·2018
Same author

Event representations constrain the structure of language: Sign language as a window into universally accessible linguistic biases.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2015
Same author

Crystallizing Membrane Proteins in the Lipidic Mesophase. Experience with Human Prostaglandin E2 Synthase 1 and an Evolving Strategy.

Crystal growth & design·2014

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 2, 2025

Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language
09:27

Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language

Published on: October 13, 2018

10.1K

Negation and Negative Concord in Georgian Sign Language.

Roland Pfau1, Tamar Makharoblidze2, Hedde Zeijlstra3

  • 1Department of Linguistics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Frontiers in Psychology
|August 1, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces Georgian Sign Language (GESL) negation, revealing unusual features like multiple negative particles and unique Negative Concord (NC) patterns. GESL

Keywords:
Georgian Sign Languagemodalitynegationnegative concordsign language typologytense

More Related Videos

Behavioral Tasks for Examining Identity Recognition In Mice
06:58

Behavioral Tasks for Examining Identity Recognition In Mice

Published on: February 7, 2025

804
The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition
05:15

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

Published on: February 19, 2018

10.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 2, 2025

Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language
09:27

Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language

Published on: October 13, 2018

10.1K
Behavioral Tasks for Examining Identity Recognition In Mice
06:58

Behavioral Tasks for Examining Identity Recognition In Mice

Published on: February 7, 2025

804
The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition
05:15

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

Published on: February 19, 2018

10.9K

Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Sign Language Studies
  • Typology

Background:

  • Negation is a key area in sign language linguistics and typology.
  • Previous research has explored negation across various sign languages.
  • Understanding negation aids in sign language typology and grammatical theory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a typological and theoretical analysis of negation in Georgian Sign Language (GESL).
  • To document the unique features of GESL negation.
  • To compare GESL negation patterns with existing theories of Negative Concord (NC) and Double Negation.

Main Methods:

  • Descriptive linguistic analysis of Georgian Sign Language (GESL).
  • Typological comparison of GESL negation with other sign languages and spoken Georgian.
  • Theoretical analysis of GESL negation within frameworks of Negative Concord (NC) and Double Negation.

Main Results:

  • GESL exhibits typologically unusual features, including numerous negative particles (emphatic, prohibitive, tense-specific) and specialized negative modals.
  • A wide range of Negative Concord (NC) possibilities exist in GESL, involving two manual negative signs, including a unique tense-specific NC.
  • GESL negation patterns, including particle inventory, clausal position, and NC, differ significantly from spoken Georgian.
  • GESL's complex negation system aligns with languages classified as atypical NC languages.

Conclusions:

  • Georgian Sign Language (GESL) presents a unique and complex negation system.
  • The findings contribute to the understanding of sign language typology and the diversity of negation strategies.
  • GESL challenges and refines existing theoretical models of Negative Concord (NC) and Double Negation.