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Retinal Vasculitis in a Patient With Mixed Connective Tissue Disease Following COVID-19 Infection: Correlation or
1Ophthalmology, Lilavati Hospital, Mumbai, IND.
Cureus
|August 1, 2022
Summary
A patient with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) developed retinal vasculitis after COVID-19 reinfection. This suggests COVID-19 may worsen existing autoimmune conditions like MCTD.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Rheumatology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) is a systemic autoimmune disorder.
- Immunosuppressive therapy is standard for managing MCTD.
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been linked to autoimmune phenomena.
Observation:
- A female patient with MCTD on immunosuppressants experienced COVID-19 reinfection.
- Following reinfection, she developed new-onset retinal vasculitis in her right eye.
- The retinal vasculitis presented with capillary non-perfusion.
Findings:
- Retinal vasculitis developed subsequent to COVID-19 reinfection in an MCTD patient.
- This ophthalmic complication was not present before the COVID-19 event.
- The condition was managed with intensified immunosuppression and laser photocoagulation.
Implications:
- COVID-19 reinfection may trigger or exacerbate autoimmune conditions like MCTD.
- Ophthalmic complications, such as retinal vasculitis, should be considered post-COVID-19.
- Clinicians should maintain awareness and screen for these potential post-infectious complications.
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