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Polymalic Acid-based Nano Biopolymers for Targeting of Multiple Tumor Markers: An Opportunity for Personalized Medicine?

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Macrophage-Encapsulated Bioorthogonal Nanozymes for Targeting Cancer Cells.

Riddha Das¹, Joseph Hardie¹, Bishnu P Joshi¹

¹Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States.

|August 1, 2022

Summary

Engineered nanozymes loaded into macrophages create intracellular factories for cancer therapy. These macrophages retain tumor-homing abilities, activating prodrugs at the tumor site for targeted cancer cell killing.

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Polyethyleneimine-coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as a Vehicle for the Delivery of Small Interfering RNA to Macrophages In Vitro and In Vivo

Polyethyleneimine-coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as a Vehicle for the Delivery of Small Interfering RNA to Macrophages In Vitro and In Vivo

Published on: February 5, 2019

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Nanotechnology
Cancer Therapy

Background:

Macrophages naturally migrate to tumors, offering a potential active targeting strategy for cancer treatment.
Macrophage-based drug delivery faces challenges in cargo loading, controlled release, and payload impact on the macrophage vehicle.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel strategy using bioorthogonal nanozymes for intracellular prodrug and prodye conversion within macrophages.
To assess the efficacy of nanozyme-loaded macrophages in targeted cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

Bioorthogonal nanozymes with transition metal catalysts (TMCs) were synthesized using gold nanoparticles with self-assembled monolayer coatings.
Nanozymes were loaded into macrophages, and their intracellular localization, activity, and retention were evaluated.
The migratory ability of nanozyme-loaded macrophages towards tumor chemoattractants and their cancer cell-killing efficacy in cocultures were assessed.

Main Results:

Nanozymes were successfully localized within macrophages and maintained activity for at least 72 hours.
Nanozyme-loaded macrophages retained their tumor-homing migratory function.
Co-cultured cancer cells were efficiently killed by nanozyme-loaded macrophages, demonstrating therapeutic potential.

Conclusions:

This study presents a promising approach using nanozyme-loaded macrophages for targeted activation of prodrugs at tumor sites.
This strategy allows for tunable drug dosage and release rates while minimizing off-target toxicity.
Nanozyme-loaded macrophages represent a viable platform for advanced cancer therapy.