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Nanoparticles in ocular applications and their potential toxicity.

Cao Yang1,2, Junling Yang1,2, Ao Lu1,2

  • 1Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.

Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences
|August 1, 2022
PubMed
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Nanotechnology offers advanced ocular drug delivery with nanoparticles, but potential toxicity requires careful evaluation. Advanced in vitro models are crucial for assessing nanoparticle safety in human ocular tissues.

Area of Science:

  • Ocular pharmacology
  • Nanomedicine
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Nanotechnology has rapidly advanced ocular disease therapy, with nano-drug delivery systems offering improved biocompatibility, stability, and efficiency.
  • Nanoparticles are recognized as promising ophthalmic drug carriers, with animal studies generally indicating safety.
  • However, certain nanoparticles can exhibit toxicity to ocular tissues like the cornea, conjunctiva, and retina under specific conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the applications of nanoparticles in ocular drug delivery.
  • To discuss the potential toxicity associated with these nanoparticles.
  • To highlight challenges and future directions in nanotoxicological evaluation for ocular applications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of nanotechnology in ocular drug delivery.
Keywords:
assessmentchallengesnanoparticlesocular drug deliverytoxicity

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  • Analysis of existing studies on nanoparticle toxicity in ocular tissues.
  • Discussion of advanced in vitro models, such as human organoids, for toxicity assessment.

    • Main Results:

    • Nano-drug delivery systems present significant advantages over conventional ophthalmic drug delivery methods.
    • Potential toxicity of nanoparticles to ocular structures necessitates thorough safety assessments.
    • Human organoid models offer a more relevant platform for predicting in vivo toxicity compared to traditional animal models.

    Conclusions:

    • Nanoparticles hold great promise for ocular drug delivery, but their safety profile requires rigorous investigation.
    • Advanced in vitro techniques are essential for accurate human-specific nanotoxicological evaluation.
    • Future research should focus on developing robust methods for assessing nanoparticle safety in the human eye.