Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 2, 2025
11:32
Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria
Published on: February 23, 2014
15.2K
Pathogens and Pathogenesis in Wheezing Diseases in Children Under 6
Yongjun Tang1, Yaxiong Yang1, Ruohui He2
1Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Frontiers in Oncology
|August 1, 2022
Summary
This study reveals elevated cytokine levels, including IgE, IL-4, IFN-γ, IL-17A, IL-17E, MMP-3, and MMP-9, in children experiencing wheezing episodes. These findings suggest a link between specific cytokine profiles and wheezing pathogenesis in pediatric populations.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Immunology
- Respiratory Medicine
Background:
- Wheezing pathogenesis in children is not fully understood, particularly the role of cytokine production.
- Limited comprehensive studies exist on the association between wheezing episodes and specific cytokines.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between wheezing episodes and cytokine expression in children.
- To elucidate the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of pediatric wheezing diseases.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 176 children with first-time or recurrent wheezing.
- Serum/plasma cytokine detection (IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17A, IL-17E, IgE, MMP-3, MMP-9) in 52 wheezing children and 25 controls.
Main Results:
- Boys under 3 with allergies and M. pneumoniae infection were more prone to wheezing.
- Significantly increased levels of IgE, IL-4, IFN-γ, MMP-3, MMP-9, IL-17A, and IL-17E were observed in wheezing children compared to controls (p<0.05).
- No significant difference in IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio was found between groups.
Conclusions:
- Altered cytokine production is evident in children with wheezing diseases, mirroring asthma pathogenesis.
- Factors such as sex, age, pathogen infection, and inflammation are identified as risk factors for pediatric wheezing.
Related Concept Videos
01:20Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management
551
Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
551
01:26Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification
2.8K
Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
2.8K
01:29Asthma-I: Introduction
2.8K
Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
2.8K
01:29Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology
465
The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
465
01:20Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology
3.0K
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic Inflammation
3.0K
01:17Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation
1.8K
In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
1.8K