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Updated: Sep 2, 2025
The Impact of Motor Task Conditions on Goal-Directed Arm Reaching Kinematics and Trunk Compensation in Chronic Stroke Survivors
Published on: May 2, 2021
Impact of trunk and appendicular skeletal muscle mass on improving swallowing function in acute stroke patients
Yoichi Sato1, Yoshihiro Yoshimura2, Takafumi Abe1
1Department of Rehabilitation, Uonuma Kikan Hospital, Minamiuonuma, Japan.
Objectives:
To investigate the effect of trunk and appendicular skeletal muscle mass on the swallowing function at discharge in acute stroke patients.
Materials And Methods:
This retrospective cohort study included patients hospitalized after acute strokes. Skeletal muscle mass was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis within 5 days of admission. The primary outcome was swallowing function at acute hospital discharge, assessed using the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS). Secondary outcomes were Functional Independence Measure-eating (FIM-eating) scores and length of hospital stay.
Results:
Data from 231 patients (age 72.2 years; 151 men) were included in the analysis. The median trunk muscle mass index (TMI) was 8.2 and 6.8 kg/m2 in men and women, respectively. The median appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) was 7.7 and 5.7 kg/m2 in men and women, respectively. The high TMI group had higher FIM-eating scores at discharge in each sex (p < 0.001). The high ASMI group had higher FOIS (p = 0.039 and 0.048) and FIM-eating scores at discharge (p = 0.046 and 0.047) in men and women, respectively. On multivariate analysis, TMI was independently associated with FIM-eating scores (β = 0.330, p < 0.001); ASMI was independently associated with FOIS (β = 0.229, p = 0.039) and FIM-eating scores (β = 0.111, p = 0.032).
Conclusions:
Skeletal muscle mass had site-specific impacts on swallowing function and eating activities. This finding may contribute to the design of more individualized rehabilitation programs.
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