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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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T Cell Types and Functions01:24

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Inhibition of Cdk Activity02:34

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The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
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Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

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The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
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Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
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A DNA/Ki67-Based Flow Cytometry Assay for Cell Cycle Analysis of Antigen-Specific CD8 T Cells in Vaccinated Mice
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Protein Kinase CK2 Controls CD8+ T Cell Effector and Memory Function during Infection.

Wei Yang1, Hairong Wei1, Gloria A Benavides2

  • 1Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; and.

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|August 1, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Protein kinase CK2 (CK2) is crucial for CD8+ T cell function. CK2α deficiency impairs T cell activation, metabolism, and immune responses during infection, highlighting its regulatory role.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Protein kinase CK2 (CK2) is a serine/threonine kinase vital for cellular processes.
  • CK2 influences cancer progression and immune cell development.
  • The role of CK2 in CD8+ T cell function remained unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of CK2 in mouse CD8+ T cell activation, metabolism, and function.
  • To determine if CK2α deficiency impacts T cell responses in vitro and in vivo.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed CK2 protein levels and activity in activated mouse CD8+ T cells.
  • Utilized CK2α-deficient mice to study T cell responses.
  • Analyzed T cell activation, proliferation, and metabolic reprogramming via AKT/mTOR pathway.
  • Evaluated CD8+ T cell responses in a mouse model of Listeria monocytogenes infection.

Main Results:

  • CK2 protein levels and kinase activity increase upon mouse CD8+ T cell activation.
  • CK2α deficiency impairs CD8+ T cell activation and proliferation.
  • CK2α regulates CD8+ T cell metabolic reprogramming through the AKT/mTOR pathway.
  • CK2α is essential for CD8+ T cell expansion, maintenance, and effector function during Listeria infection.

Conclusions:

  • CK2α is a key regulator of mouse CD8+ T cell activation and proliferation.
  • CK2α plays a critical role in CD8+ T cell metabolic reprogramming.
  • CK2α is indispensable for effective primary and memory CD8+ T cell responses in vivo.