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Microalgal-bacterial consortia for efficient wastewater treatment: Optimization using response surface methodology.

Ruimin Mu1, Yantian Jia1, Feng Qi1

  • 1School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China.

Water Environment Research : a Research Publication of the Water Environment Federation
|August 2, 2022
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Summary

Optimizing microalgal-bacterial consortia for wastewater treatment requires dynamic aeration control in response to illumination. This strategy expands operational ranges for efficient pollutant removal and biomass production, meeting stringent environmental standards.

Keywords:
aeration respondingmicroalgal-bacterial consortiaoptimizing performanceresponse surface method (RSM)

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental biotechnology
  • Microbiology
  • Chemical engineering

Background:

  • Microalgal-bacterial consortia offer a sustainable approach to wastewater treatment and biomass production.
  • Current optimization strategies face challenges due to uncontrollable ambient conditions like illumination.
  • Stringent effluent standards and operational costs necessitate improved performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To optimize the performance of microalgal-bacterial consortia for wastewater treatment and biomass production.
  • To investigate the impact of operating conditions, specifically aeration, in response to illumination.
  • To determine the optimal conditions for removing chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N), and total phosphorus (TP).

Main Methods:

  • Response surface methodology (RSM) based on Box-Behnken design was employed.
  • Analysis of COD, NH3-N, and TP removal efficiencies and algal biomass growth rates within 48 hours.
  • Differential equation analysis was used to model and expand effective treatment ranges.

Main Results:

  • Optimal conditions (5000 lx illumination, 12:12 photoperiod, 0.55 L/min aeration) yielded high removal efficiencies for COD (95.43%), NH3-N (95.49%), TP (89.42%), and biomass (99.63%).
  • Meeting critical TP removal requirements limited effluent standards under fixed operating conditions.
  • Dynamic aeration control, responding to illumination, significantly expanded the effective treatment range.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic aeration control is crucial for optimizing microalgal-bacterial consortia performance.
  • This adaptive strategy enhances pollutant removal and biomass productivity, meeting Chinese discharge standards.
  • The study provides a framework for improving the efficiency and applicability of these systems in wastewater treatment.