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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 2, 2025

Bacterial Leaf Infiltration Assay for Fine Characterization of Plant Defense Responses using the Arabidopsis thaliana-Pseudomonas syringae Pathosystem
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Ambivalent response in pathogen defense: A double-edged sword?

Chi-Yeol Kim1, Hyeunjeong Song2, Yong-Hwan Lee3

  • 1Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; Plant Immunity Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.

Plant Communications
|August 3, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Plants face a trade-off, the ambivalence effect, when defending against different pathogen types. Novel translational control mechanisms offer a way to engineer durable, broad-spectrum disease resistance.

Keywords:
ambivalence effectcrop protectionhormone crosstalkpathogenplant defensesusceptibility (S) gene

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Area of Science:

  • Plant immunity
  • Microbe-plant interactions
  • Plant defense signaling

Background:

  • Plant immune systems effectively defend against many microbes.
  • Classic plant immunity research focused on binary defense models and small-molecule hormones.
  • Diverse plant-microbe interactions reveal novel defense mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Review roles of defense signaling pathways and stress hormones in the ambivalence effect.
  • Discuss the trade-off plants face when resisting specific pathogens.
  • Highlight translational control for engineering durable disease resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of plant immunity and defense signaling.
  • Analysis of the ambivalence effect in plant-pathogen interactions.
  • Exploration of translational control mechanisms in plant defense.

Main Results:

  • Effective defense against one pathogen type can increase susceptibility to another (ambivalence effect).
  • Classical and novel components regulate defense signaling and stress hormones.
  • Translational control of proteins offers a strategy for broad-spectrum resistance.

Conclusions:

  • The ambivalence effect is a critical trade-off in plant defense.
  • Translational control presents a promising avenue for engineering robust plant immunity.
  • Understanding diverse plant-microbe interactions is key to advancing plant defense strategies.