Direct pulp capping with autologous bone marrow derived stem cells in dogs

Area of Science:

• Dental tissue engineering
• Regenerative dentistry
• Stem cell therapy

Background:

• Bone-marrow derived stem cells (BMSCs) are promising for bone and dental tissue regeneration.
• Direct pulp capping (DPC) aims to preserve pulp vitality and promote dentin bridge formation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of autologous BMSCs combined with a collagen/hydroxyapatite scaffold for DPC in canine teeth.
• To compare the quantity and quality of calcified bridge formation against Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) and scaffold alone.

Main Methods:

• Canine teeth underwent DPC with three treatment groups: MTA, hydroxyapatite/collagen scaffold alone, and BMSCs with the scaffold.
• Histomorphometric assessments were conducted after 12 weeks to analyze dentinal bridge formation.

Main Results:

• Both BMSCs with scaffold and MTA groups formed dentinal bridges.
• MTA showed significantly higher efficacy in calcified bridge formation compared to the BMSCs plus hybrid scaffold group.

Conclusions:

• DPC using BMSCs and a hybrid scaffold did not yield clinically significant results in canine patients.
• MTA remains a more effective material for achieving calcified bridge formation in DPC procedures.