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Lung cancer and occupational exposure: hospital-based case-control study
Christiane Brey1, Dario Consonni2, Leila Maria Mansano Sarquis3
1Instituto Federal do Paraná (IFPR), Coordenação de Enfermagem. Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil.
Revista Gaucha De Enfermagem
|August 3, 2022
Summary
Painters in construction and repair jobs have a significantly higher risk of developing lung cancer due to occupational carcinogen exposure. This study highlights a critical link between specific occupations and lung cancer incidence.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Health
- Oncology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Lung cancer remains a significant public health concern globally.
- Identifying occupational risk factors is crucial for targeted prevention strategies.
- Previous studies suggest links between certain occupations and lung cancer, but specific data from southern Brazil were lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between specific occupations and the risk of developing lung cancer.
- To analyze occupational exposure to carcinogens in patients at a national cancer referral hospital in southern Brazil.
Main Methods:
- A hospital-based case-control study was conducted from February to October 2019.
- Occupational histories were collected and classified using international standards.
- Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios for lung cancer risk, controlling for smoking status.
Main Results:
- The study included 99 lung cancer cases and 227 controls.
- Among men, painters (List A) showed a significantly increased risk of lung cancer (Odds Ratio = 14.3; 95% Confidence Interval: 1.8-116.5).
- No occupations from List B were associated with lung cancer, and no increased risks were observed in women.
Conclusions:
- Occupational exposure to carcinogens in repair and construction painter roles is linked to an elevated risk of lung cancer in men.
- Findings underscore the importance of workplace safety measures and exposure reduction for painters.
- Further research may explore specific carcinogens involved and protective interventions.
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