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Related Concept Videos

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Knee Joint01:23

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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 2, 2025

Three-Dimensional Preoperative Virtual Planning in Derotational Proximal Femoral Osteotomy
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Failure modes in malrotated total knee replacement.

Ashok Rajgopal1, Paneendra Sudarshan2, Sumit Kumar2

  • 1Institute of Musculoskeletal Disorders and Orthopaedics, Medanta - The Medicity, Sector 38, Gurugram, 122002, Haryana, India. a_rajgopal@hotmail.com.

Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery
|August 3, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Component malrotation in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can cause poor outcomes. Early detection and revision of malrotated components significantly improve knee function and patient satisfaction.

Keywords:
Knee Society ScoreMalrotationOxford Knee ScorePatellar maltrackingTotal knee arthroplasty

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Component malrotation in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a known complication.
  • Malrotation is associated with increased revision rates and poorer functional outcomes.
  • Understanding the clinical impact of malrotation is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effect of femoral and tibial component malrotation on clinical outcomes in TKA.
  • To identify failure modes associated with single and combined rotational malalignment.
  • To correlate computed tomography (CT) findings with clinical presentation and outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 76 TKA revisions with suspected malrotation was reviewed.
  • Computed tomography (CT) was used to assess femoral and tibial component rotational alignment.
  • Clinical outcomes, including range of motion and patient-reported scores, were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Patellar maltracking correlated with femoral internal rotation; pain and instability with tibial internal rotation.
  • Knee stiffness was most common in combined component malrotation.
  • Post-revision, significant improvements were observed in Knee Society Score, Oxford Knee Score, and range of motion.

Conclusions:

  • Early detection of component malrotation in TKA is essential.
  • Revision surgery for malrotated components leads to improved clinical and functional outcomes.
  • CT analysis is a valuable tool for diagnosing malrotation and guiding management.