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Related Concept Videos

Thermodynamic Potentials01:26

Thermodynamic Potentials

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Thermodynamic potentials are state functions that are extremely useful in analyzing a thermodynamic system. They have dimensions of energy. The four important thermodynamic potentials are internal energy, enthalpy, Helmholtz free energy, and Gibbs free energy. These thermodynamic potentials can be expressed using two of the following variables: pressure, volume, temperature, and entropy. These two variables are expressed as the rate of change of the thermodynamic potential with respect to other...
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Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge02:54

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An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution01:14

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Near absolute zero temperatures, in the presence of a magnetic field, the majority of nuclei prefer the lower energy spin-up state to the higher energy spin-down state. As temperatures increase, the energy from thermal collisions distributes the spins more equally between the two states. The Boltzmann distribution equation gives the ratio of the number of spins predicted in the spin −½ (N−) and spin +½ (N+) states.
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Energy Associated With a Charge Distribution01:21

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The work done to bring a charge through a distance r is given by the potential difference between the initial and the final position. To assemble a collection of point charges, the total work done can be expressed in terms of the product of each pair of charges divided by their separation distance, defined with respect to a suitable origin. Solving this expression gives the energy stored in a point charge distribution.
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Third Law of Thermodynamics02:38

Third Law of Thermodynamics

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A pure, perfectly crystalline solid possessing no kinetic energy (that is, at a temperature of absolute zero, 0 K) may be described by a single microstate, as its purity, perfect crystallinity,and complete lack of motion means there is but one possible location for each identical atom or molecule comprising the crystal (W = 1). According to the Boltzmann equation, the entropy of this system is zero.
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Thermodynamics: Activity Coefficient01:24

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Activity is the measure of the effective concentration of the species in solution. It can be expressed as the product of the molar concentration of the species and its activity coefficient. The activity coefficient is a dimensionless quantity and depends on the total ionic strength of the solution.
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Preparation and Evaluation of Hybrid Composites of Chemical Fuel and Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes in the Study of Thermopower Waves
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Atomic-scale thermopower in charge density wave states.

Dohyun Kim1, Eui-Cheol Shin2, Yongjoon Lee2

  • 1Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea.

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|August 3, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals atomic-scale thermopower variations in charge density waves of 1T-TaS2. It also identifies novel phonon puddles, offering insights into thermoelectric device engineering.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Materials

Background:

  • Understanding microscopic origins of thermopower is key for efficient thermoelectric devices.
  • Strongly correlated quantum states, like charge density waves (CDW) and Mott insulating phases, present unexplored avenues for atomic-scale thermopower engineering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate thermopower and phonon behavior within the charge density wave states of 1T-TaS2.
  • Explore atomic-scale thermopower variations and phonon propagation in CDW materials.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized scanning thermoelectric microscopy to probe thermopower and phonon characteristics.
  • Analyzed the atomic structure, specifically Star-of-David clusters, in 1T-TaS2.

Main Results:

  • Observed counterintuitive thermopower variations at the atomic scale within the CDW states, linked to broken three-fold symmetry.
  • Identified localized valence electrons and interlayer coupling contributing to these thermopower anomalies in the Mott insulating CDW phase.
  • Detected phonon puddles with spatial ranges shorter than the conventional phonon mean free path.

Conclusions:

  • Atomic-scale thermopower engineering is feasible in CDW materials like 1T-TaS2.
  • Localized electronic states and interlayer coupling significantly influence thermopower in these quantum phases.
  • Phonon puddles provide new insights into phonon transport and scattering mechanisms in subsurface structures.