Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Protein Kinases and Phosphatases02:54

Protein Kinases and Phosphatases

13.3K
Proteins undergo chemical modifications that trigger changes in the charge, structure, and conformation of the proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, ubiquitination, lipidation, methylation, and proteolysis are various protein modifications that regulate protein activity. Such modifications are usually enzyme-driven.
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
13.3K
The Phosphorus Cycle01:21

The Phosphorus Cycle

38.6K
Unlike carbon, water, and nitrogen, phosphorus is not present in the atmosphere as a gas. Instead, most phosphorus in the ecosystem exists as compounds, such as phosphate ions (PO43-), found in soil, water, sediment and rocks. Phosphorus is often a limiting nutrient (i.e., in short supply). Consequently, phosphorus is added to most agricultural fertilizers, which can cause environmental problems related to runoff in aquatic ecosystems.
38.6K
Phosphorylation01:02

Phosphorylation

50.9K
The addition or removal of phosphate groups from proteins is the most common chemical modification that regulates cellular processes. These modifications can affect the structure, activity, stability, and localization of proteins within cells as well as their interactions with other proteins.
During phosphorylation, protein kinases transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP to specific amino acid side chains of substrate proteins. Serine, threonine, and tyrosine are the most commonly...
50.9K
Phosphoinositides and PIPs01:42

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

8.7K
Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
8.7K
Roles of Electrolytes: Calcium and Phosphate01:27

Roles of Electrolytes: Calcium and Phosphate

435
Calcium and phosphate are essential electrolytes in the human body, with calcium being the most abundant mineral. Around 99% of the body's calcium is stored in the skeleton and teeth, forming a crystal lattice of mineral salts in combination with phosphates. Calcium plays crucial roles in various bodily functions such as blood clotting, neurotransmitter release, muscle tone maintenance, and nervous and muscle tissue excitability.
The calcium concentration in blood plasma is primarily...
435
Introduction to Electrolytes01:33

Introduction to Electrolytes

11.6K
In humans, electrolytes play a vital role in various physiological processes. Balancing electrolyte levels is essential for normal body functions; their imbalance can be life-threatening. The major electrolytes include sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphate, and bicarbonate. They are primarily involved in physiological processes, such as nerve signal transmission, membrane trafficking, muscle contraction, buffering body fluids, and balancing water levels in the body.
Role of Sodium
One...
11.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Persistence and turnover of soil organic carbon in global drylands.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Cover Crop Root Channels Promote Bacterial Adaptation to Drought in the Maize Rhizosphere.

Global change biology·2025
Same author

Bioavailability and phyto-extractability of metals in a peat-amended agricultural soil under climate stress.

Journal of environmental management·2025
Same author

Soil microbial communities are more disrupted by extreme drought than by gradual climate shifts under different land-use intensities.

Frontiers in microbiology·2025
Same author

Responses of maize roots, rhizosphere enzyme kinetics and prokaryote diversity to alternating precipitation: insights from a three-year field study.

Annals of botany·2025
Same author

Ferrous wheel hypothesis II: Abiotic incorporation of mineral nitrogen into organic pools in volcanic soils of temperate forest ecosystems.

Journal of environmental management·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 2, 2025

A Mass Spectrometry-Based Approach to Identify Phosphoprotein Phosphatases and their Interactors
10:17

A Mass Spectrometry-Based Approach to Identify Phosphoprotein Phosphatases and their Interactors

Published on: April 29, 2022

2.5K

Two-Phase Conceptual Framework of Phosphatase Activity and Phosphorus Bioavailability.

Aamir Manzoor1, Michaela A Dippold2, Sebastian Loeppmann1,3

  • 1Biogeochemistry of Agroecosystems, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.

Frontiers in Plant Science
|August 5, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Plant roots and microbes control soil phosphorus (P) mineralization via extracellular phosphatases. Root exudates like mucilage and organic acids enhance P availability, influencing phosphatase activity and P acquisition.

Keywords:
LMWOAsmucilagephosphatase adsorptionphosphatase-soil interactionsroot exudationsubstrate catalysis

More Related Videos

Measuring Phosphorus Release in Laboratory Microcosms for Water Quality Assessment
06:42

Measuring Phosphorus Release in Laboratory Microcosms for Water Quality Assessment

Published on: July 22, 2019

6.6K
Author Spotlight: Developing Tools to Tune the Activity of Tyrosine Phosphatases
06:56

Author Spotlight: Developing Tools to Tune the Activity of Tyrosine Phosphatases

Published on: September 6, 2024

459

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 2, 2025

A Mass Spectrometry-Based Approach to Identify Phosphoprotein Phosphatases and their Interactors
10:17

A Mass Spectrometry-Based Approach to Identify Phosphoprotein Phosphatases and their Interactors

Published on: April 29, 2022

2.5K
Measuring Phosphorus Release in Laboratory Microcosms for Water Quality Assessment
06:42

Measuring Phosphorus Release in Laboratory Microcosms for Water Quality Assessment

Published on: July 22, 2019

6.6K
Author Spotlight: Developing Tools to Tune the Activity of Tyrosine Phosphatases
06:56

Author Spotlight: Developing Tools to Tune the Activity of Tyrosine Phosphatases

Published on: September 6, 2024

459

Area of Science:

  • Soil Science
  • Biochemistry
  • Plant Physiology

Background:

  • Extracellular phosphatases are key enzymes in soil phosphorus (P) mineralization.
  • Plant roots and soil microorganisms dynamically regulate phosphatase activity.
  • Root exudates, including mucilage and low-molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs), influence soil P availability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the catalytic properties of extracellular phosphatases.
  • To explore interactions between phosphatases and rhizosphere interfaces.
  • To present a conceptual framework for understanding plant-microbe P acquisition.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of extracellular phosphatase activity.
  • Analysis of root metabolic products' effects on enzyme catalysis.
  • Conceptual modeling of phosphorus cycling in the rhizosphere.

Main Results:

  • Root metabolic products exhibit a biphasic effect on extracellular phosphatases, altering their catalytic mechanism.
  • Mucilage and LMWOAs enhance soil P mineralization through physical and chemical effects.
  • Reduced root exudation leads to P adsorption by soil, decreasing phosphatase activity.

Conclusions:

  • Soil P acquisition by plants and microbes is a coupled process involving metabolic product exudation.
  • A two-phase conceptual framework aids understanding of P-acquisition and P-restoration in ecosystems.
  • Rhizosphere phosphatase activity is crucial for nutrient cycling and plant P uptake.