How adenomyosis changes throughout pregnancy: A retrospective cohort study

Area of Science:

• Reproductive Medicine
• Obstetrics
• Gynecology

Background:

• Adenomyosis is a condition where the uterine lining grows into the muscular wall of the uterus.
• The impact of adenomyosis on pregnancy progression and outcomes requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the changes in adenomyosis during pregnancy.
• To explore the correlation between adenomyosis and maternal/fetal outcomes.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective exploratory cohort study of 254 women with documented adenomyosis.
• Adenomyosis signs were assessed via ultrasound in each trimester and postpartum.
• Statistical analysis included Mann-Whitney U and chi-squared tests.

Main Results:

• Adenomyosis signs, such as globular uterus, were most prominent in the first trimester and postpartum, diminishing during pregnancy.
• Adenomyosis significantly increased the risk of miscarriage (OR 5.9, P < 0.001).
• Pregnancy in women with adenomyosis was associated with earlier delivery (P = 0.004) and higher cesarean section rates (OR 2.5, P = 0.007).

Conclusions:

• Adenomyosis findings on ultrasound are transient during pregnancy.
• Adenomyosis is a risk factor for early miscarriage and adverse obstetric outcomes.
• Prospective studies are warranted to validate these findings.