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Related Concept Videos

Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders01:27

Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

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Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within...
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Biological Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Biological Causes of Schizophrenia

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Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
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Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia

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Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
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Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions01:30

Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions

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Schizophrenia is a complex mental health disorder that can manifest with various positive symptoms, including thought, movement, and behavior disorders. These symptoms significantly disrupt cognitive and motor functions, leading to profound effects on an individual's ability to engage with the world.
Thought Disorders
Disorganized and unusual thought processes mark thought disorders in schizophrenia. One key feature is disorganized speech, where an individual's conversation includes...
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Schizophrenia01:17

Schizophrenia

205
Schizophrenia, a term introduced by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1911, describes a severe psychological disorder marked by profound disruptions in attention, thought processes, language, emotion, and interpersonal relationships. The core feature of schizophrenia is psychosis — a state characterized by a fundamental detachment from reality. This disconnection manifests through distorted logic, impaired perception, and atypical behavior, severely affecting the lives of those...
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Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview01:28

Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview

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The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic...
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Derivation, Expansion, Cryopreservation and Characterization of Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
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Schizophrenia Outside the Brain.

Aline Gazzola Fragnani Valença1, Bradley Joseph Smith2

  • 1Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil. alinegfvalenca@gmail.com.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|August 5, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Schizophrenia affects more than the brain, impacting systems like musculoskeletal, metabolic, and immune functions. Antipsychotic treatments may also influence these systemic changes and increase comorbidity risks.

Keywords:
Adipose tissueImmune systemMetabolic syndromeSchizophreniaand Psychiatry

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Systemic Biology

Background:

  • Schizophrenia is a complex mental disorder with positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms.
  • Traditionally viewed as a central nervous system disorder, emerging research highlights its systemic nature.
  • Schizophrenia affects various organs and tissues beyond the brain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review systemic dysfunctions in schizophrenia.
  • To examine effects before and after antipsychotic administration.
  • To discuss antipsychotic side effects and associated comorbidities.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent findings.
  • Analysis of in vitro models.
  • Examination of patient data and treatment effects.

Main Results:

  • Evidence of musculoskeletal, metabolic, and immune system dysfunctions in schizophrenia patients.
  • Observed changes in these systems both pre- and post-antipsychotic treatment.
  • Identification of specific antipsychotic side effects contributing to comorbidities.

Conclusions:

  • Schizophrenia is a systemic disease with widespread physiological impacts.
  • Antipsychotic medications can influence these systemic effects and patient comorbidities.
  • Further research is needed to understand and manage the systemic aspects of schizophrenia.