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SOX2 and PRAME in the "reprogramming" of seminoma cells

Agnese Orsatti1, Maria Sirolli1, Francesca Ambrosi2

  • 1Pathology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

Pathology, Research and Practice
|August 5, 2022
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

SOX2 and PRAME expression levels change during germ cell tumor progression. High PRAME and low SOX2 indicate early stages, while high SOX2 and low PRAME suggest advanced tumors like embryonal carcinoma.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Seminoma (S) cell reprogramming involves SOX2, SOX17, OCT3/4, and PRAME.
  • This network influences gene expression, driving transitions from pure S (P-S) to S component (S-C) in mixed germ cell tumors of the testis (M-GCTT), and finally to embryonal carcinoma (EC).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate SOX2 and PRAME expression in germ cell tumors of the testis (GCTT).
  • To determine if SOX2 and PRAME modulation is relevant to GCTT evolution and fate.

Main Methods:

  • Tested 43 GCTT, 19 GCNIS, and 17 UBT cases.
  • Assessed SOX2 and PRAME expression using H-score.
  • Employed Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney U test for statistical comparison.

Main Results:

  • SOX2 expression was higher in nonseminomatous-GCTT (NS-GCTT) and EC than in S (p < 0.001).
  • PRAME expression was higher in S than in NS-GCTT and EC (p < 0.001).
  • S-C showed intermediate SOX2 and PRAME levels compared to P-S and EC.

Conclusions:

  • SOX2 and PRAME exhibit differential and opposing expression patterns during S cell reprogramming.
  • These molecules are crucial in determining GCTT fate, supporting a complex pathogenetic model.
Keywords:
Germ cell tumors of the testisPRAMEReprogrammingSOX2Seminoma

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