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Using systems perspectives in evidence synthesis: A methodological mapping review.

Quan Nha Hong1, Mukdarut Bangpan1, Claire Stansfield1

  • 1EPPI-Centre, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, London, UK.

Research Synthesis Methods
|August 6, 2022
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Summary

This review explores using systems perspectives in evidence synthesis for complex interventions. It found two main approaches: a "systems lens" and developing systems models, aiding understanding of complex issues.

Keywords:
complex adaptive systemscomplex systemsevidence synthesissystematic reviewssystems perspectivesystems thinking

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Area of Science:

  • Evidence Synthesis
  • Systems Science
  • Complex Interventions

Background:

  • Reviewing complex interventions is difficult due to dynamic, nonlinear interactions.
  • A systems perspective aids understanding complexity but its use in evidence synthesis is not established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To understand how and why systems perspectives are applied in evidence synthesis.
  • To identify methods and challenges of using systems perspectives in reviewing complex interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Methodological mapping review.
  • Searched seven bibliographic databases and three search engines.
  • Included 101 papers (98 reviews) meeting eligibility criteria.

Main Results:

  • Identified two categories of reviews: 'systems lens' (n=76) and developing systems models (n=22).
  • Common methods include systems dynamic modeling and soft systems approach.
  • Key reasons for use: addressing complexity, holistic problem view, understanding interrelationships.

Conclusions:

  • This review serves as a guide for designing evidence synthesis of complex interventions.
  • Highlights opportunities for applying systems perspectives and various associated methods.
  • Acknowledges challenges in capturing true complexity using these methods.