Roadmap for 2D materials in biotribological/biomedical applications - A review

The human body involves a large number of systems subjected to contact stresses and thus experiencing wear and degradation. The limited efficacy of existing solutions constantly puts a significant financial burden on the healthcare system, more importantly, patients are suffering due to the complications following a partial or total system failure. More effective strategies are highly dependent on the availability of advanced functional materials demonstrating excellent tribological response and good biocompatibility. In this article, we review the recent progress in implementing two-dimensional (2D) materials into bio-applications involving tribological contacts. We further summarize the current challenges for future progress in the field.