Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

50
Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
50
Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

34
IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
34
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

47
Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
47
Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

38
Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
38
Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

45
Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a valvular heart disorder in which the mitral valve fails to close tightly, allowing blood to leak backward into the heart. Understanding the clinical manifestations, assessment, diagnostic findings, and medical management of MR is crucial to effectively managing affected patients.Clinical Manifestations of Mitral RegurgitationMitral regurgitation can be acute or chronic, each presenting differently and requiring different approaches:1. Acute Mitral...
45
Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

27
Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...
27

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Patient Characteristics and Outcomes of Cardiac Rehabilitation Following Thoracic Aortic Dissection Surgery: A MULTICENTER RETROSPECTIVE STUDY.

Journal of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation and prevention·2025
Same author

Progressive Exercise Training After Aortic Dissection in a Recreational Athlete.

JACC. Case reports·2025
Same author

Cardiac Rehabilitation in a Patient With Takotsubo Syndrome and Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome.

Journal of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation and prevention·2025
Same author

Natural History of Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation: Understanding the Limitations of Medical Therapy.

Mayo Clinic proceedings·2025
Same author

Cardiovascular screening and long-term outcomes in aircraft pilots.

Heart (British Cardiac Society)·2025
Same author

EDUCATE: An international, randomized controlled trial for teaching electrocardiography.

Current problems in cardiology·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 2, 2025

Chronic Ovine Model of Right Ventricular Failure and Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation
08:43

Chronic Ovine Model of Right Ventricular Failure and Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation

Published on: March 17, 2023

751

Tricuspid Regurgitation Impact on Outcomes (TRIO): A Simple Clinical Risk Score.

Kyla M Lara-Breitinger1, Christopher G Scott2, Vuyisile T Nkomo1

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

Mayo Clinic Proceedings
|August 6, 2022
PubMed
Summary

A new Tricuspid Regurgitation Impact on Outcomes (TRIO) score identifies patients with significant tricuspid regurgitation at high risk for mortality. This simple clinical tool aids in risk assessment for better patient outcomes.

More Related Videos

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
08:31

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair

Published on: October 16, 2021

4.0K
Hemodynamic Precision in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit using Targeted Neonatal Echocardiography
09:31

Hemodynamic Precision in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit using Targeted Neonatal Echocardiography

Published on: January 27, 2023

1.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 2, 2025

Chronic Ovine Model of Right Ventricular Failure and Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation
08:43

Chronic Ovine Model of Right Ventricular Failure and Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation

Published on: March 17, 2023

751
A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
08:31

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair

Published on: October 16, 2021

4.0K
Hemodynamic Precision in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit using Targeted Neonatal Echocardiography
09:31

Hemodynamic Precision in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit using Targeted Neonatal Echocardiography

Published on: January 27, 2023

1.1K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Medical Informatics

Background:

  • Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a common valvular heart disease.
  • Identifying patients at high risk for mortality is crucial for effective management.
  • Existing risk stratification tools for TR may not fully capture mortality predictors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify key clinical variables predicting mortality in patients with moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation.
  • To develop and validate a clinical assessment tool, the Tricuspid Regurgitation Impact on Outcomes (TRIO) score, for risk stratification.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 13,608 patients with moderate to severe TR.
  • Random assignment to training (N=10,205) and validation (N=3403) cohorts.
  • Cox proportional hazards models to identify mortality predictors; validation in an independent cohort of 7138 patients.

Main Results:

  • The 5-year mortality probability increased with TR severity (moderate: 53%, moderate-severe: 63%, severe: 71%).
  • Multivariate analysis identified age ≥70, male sex, high creatinine, heart failure, lung disease, elevated AST, high heart rate, and severe TR as mortality predictors.
  • The TRIO score, derived from these variables, demonstrated association with all-cause mortality (C-statistic=0.67) and risk stratification capability.

Conclusions:

  • The TRIO score provides a simple and effective method for assessing mortality risk in patients with significant tricuspid regurgitation.
  • The TRIO score can aid clinicians in stratifying patients and guiding management decisions.
  • Further prospective studies are recommended to validate the clinical utility of the TRIO score.