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Pediatric Subcutaneous Scalp Mass: A Case Report and Review.
Peter M Debbaneh1, Youran Zou2, Shane Zim1
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center, CA, USA.
The Permanente Journal
|August 7, 2022
Summary
Infantile myofibroma, a rare fibrous tumor, typically presents as a solitary head and neck mass. Early diagnosis and understanding potential multicentricity are key for appropriate management of this distinct pediatric condition.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Oncology
- Dermatopathology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Infantile myofibroma is a rare fibrous tumor predominantly affecting the head and neck region in infants.
- While often presenting as solitary nodules managed conservatively, multicentric disease can lead to significant morbidity.
Observation:
- A case study of a 3-month-old female with an enlarging scalp mass diagnosed as infantile myofibroma via MRI and biopsy.
- The tumor was characterized as a firm, mobile, nontender subcutaneous lesion.
Findings:
- Histological, genetic, and imaging features of infantile myofibroma were reviewed.
- Biopsy is essential; conservative management is suitable for non-multicentric cases.
- Skeletal radiography and abdominal ultrasound are recommended for evaluating potential visceral involvement, despite a lack of official guidelines.
Implications:
- Accurate diagnosis and understanding the clinical course of infantile myofibroma are crucial for the differential diagnosis of infantile skin and subcutaneous masses.
- This knowledge aids in guiding appropriate management strategies, particularly in distinguishing solitary from multicentric presentations.
- Further research into standardized evaluation and treatment protocols is warranted given the absence of official guidelines.
