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A Comparative Study of Febrile Seizures and Febrile Convulsions Associated With Mild Gastroenteritis

Alberto M Cappellari1, Martina F Cucchetti2, Gianfranco Alicandro3

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.

Pediatric Neurology
|August 7, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Children with convulsions associated with mild gastroenteritis (CwG) and fever experienced more complex seizures than those with febrile seizures (FS). This finding highlights a higher risk of complex seizures in children with febrile CwG.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Epilepsy Research
  • Clinical Pediatrics

Background:

  • Complex febrile seizures (FS) in children are associated with an elevated risk of developing epilepsy.
  • Understanding seizure etiology is crucial for predicting outcomes and managing pediatric neurological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the occurrence of complex seizures in children presenting with febrile seizures (FS) versus those with convulsions associated with mild gastroenteritis (CwG) and fever.
  • To determine if febrile CwG is a significant risk factor for complex seizures compared to FS.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 294 children admitted to a Pediatric Emergency Department between January 2017 and April 2019.
  • Patients were categorized into FS and febrile CwG groups, with standard FS classification criteria applied for comparison.
  • Prevalence ratios (PRs) were calculated using a log binomial model to compare complex seizure occurrence between groups.

Main Results:

  • A total of 294 patients were analyzed: 231 with FS and 63 with febrile CwG.
  • Complex seizures were observed in 13.4% of FS patients and 33.3% of febrile CwG patients.
  • The prevalence ratio for complex seizures in febrile CwG compared to FS was 2.48 (95% CI: 1.54–4.01).

Conclusions:

  • Children experiencing convulsions associated with mild gastroenteritis and fever exhibit a significantly higher rate of complex seizures compared to those with febrile seizures.
  • Febrile CwG represents a notable risk factor for the development of complex seizures in pediatric populations.
Abstract

Keywords:
ChildrenConvulsionFebrile seizuresGastroenteritis

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