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Related Concept Videos

Flow Cytometry01:23

Flow Cytometry

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The development of flow cytometry techniques began in 1934 with initial attempts by Andrew Moldavan, a bacteriologist who counted the cells in a flowing capillary system. Moldavan pumped cells through a capillary tube focused under a microscope for visualization. The invention of photometry allowed the measurement of differentially-stained cells, and Louis Kamentsky developed the first multiparameter flow cytometer in 1965 to identify and count the cancer cells in cervical tissue specimens.
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Flow Cytometric Characterization of Murine B Cell Development
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Flow cytometry for B-cell subset analysis in immunodeficiencies.

Attila Kumánovics1, Amir A Sadighi Akha1

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, United States of America.

Journal of Immunological Methods
|August 7, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Flow cytometry is crucial for diagnosing antibody deficiencies by analyzing B cell number and function. This method aids in identifying immune system disorders, though standardization and age-specific ranges are key for accurate interpretation.

Keywords:
Flow cytometryImmunodeficiencyInborn errors of immunityPrimarySecondary

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • B cells are vital for adaptive immunity, producing antibodies and playing a key role in inborn errors of immunity.
  • Antibody deficiencies constitute the largest group of inborn errors of immunity.
  • Investigating B cell number and function is critical for diagnosing these conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of flow cytometry and B cell biology.
  • To describe common human peripheral B cell subsets analyzed in clinical flow cytometry.
  • To discuss the clinical relevance of B cell subset analysis in various settings.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry is the primary tool for B cell investigation in clinical practice.
  • It enables absolute/relative counting, phenotypic/functional evaluation at a single-cell level.
  • Analysis of a large number of cells is possible.

Main Results:

  • Flow cytometry offers versatile B cell analysis but has limitations including lack of consensus and non-standardized methods.
  • B cell numbers and subset distribution change significantly across lifespan, necessitating age-specific reference ranges.
  • Peripheral blood sampling and limited marker use are common constraints.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding B cell subsets and their flow cytometry analysis is essential for diagnosing antibody deficiencies.
  • Addressing standardization and age-related variations in B cell analysis is crucial for clinical accuracy.
  • This overview highlights the utility and challenges of flow cytometry in B cell immunology.