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Lifestyle and chronic kidney disease: A machine learning modeling study.
Wenjin Luo1, Lilin Gong1, Xiangjun Chen1
1Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Frontiers in Nutrition
|August 8, 2022
Summary
A new lifestyle scoring system helps prevent chronic kidney disease (CKD). Adopting healthy habits like whole grains and exercise significantly lowers CKD risk, while unhealthy choices increase it.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Public Health
- Preventive Medicine
Background:
- Individual lifestyle choices significantly impact renal function, but their comparative efficacy in preserving kidney health is not well-defined.
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a global health challenge, necessitating effective prevention strategies.
- Understanding the influence of diverse lifestyle factors on CKD incidence is crucial for public health initiatives.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically compare the effects of various lifestyles on the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD).
- To develop and validate a lifestyle scoring system for identifying individuals at risk of CKD.
- To provide evidence-based recommendations for lifestyle modifications to prevent CKD.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the UK Biobank cohort, including 470,778 CKD-free participants at baseline.
- Employed machine learning (light gradient boosting machine) to identify and rank 37 key lifestyle factors influencing CKD risk.
- Developed a CKD risk prediction model combining machine learning and Cox proportional-hazards analysis to create a lifestyle score.
Main Results:
- Over an 11-year follow-up, 13,555 participants developed CKD.
- Top lifestyle factors influencing CKD risk included bread type, walking time, and physical activity intensity.
- A higher lifestyle score, indicative of healthier habits (e.g., whole grain bread, moderate activity), was strongly associated with a significantly lower risk of CKD events (up to 70% reduction).
- The developed lifestyle score demonstrated good predictive accuracy for CKD events (C-statistic = 0.710).
Conclusions:
- A novel lifestyle scoring system for the prevention of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been successfully established.
- The scoring system allows individuals to quantify the impact of their lifestyle choices on CKD risk.
- Individuals can utilize this system to make informed decisions about adopting healthier lifestyles and mitigating CKD risk.
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