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Related Concept Videos

Transcription01:10

Transcription

147.8K
Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
147.8K
Trachea01:22

Trachea

2.6K
The trachea, commonly known as the windpipe, is a vital part of the human respiratory system. It serves as a passageway for air to travel between the larynx and the bronchi, allowing oxygen to reach the lungs. Let's explore its anatomical features, dimensions, layers of the tracheal wall, associated muscles, and the functions of its parts.
Anatomical Features:
Location: About half of the trachea is situated in the neck, anterior to the esophagus, and extends from the larynx (at the level of...
2.6K
Larynx01:21

Larynx

2.0K
The human larynx, often referred to as the voice box, is an intricate organ located in the neck. It serves as a pathway for air to enter the lungs during respiration and is an essential component of voice production.
Anatomy of the Larynx
The larynx consists of various components, including cartilage, muscles, and vocal cords. Its structure includes three large unpaired cartilages—the thyroid, cricoid, and epiglottis—and three smaller paired cartilages—the arytenoids,...
2.0K
Anatomy of Respiratory System II: Lower Respiratory Tract01:31

Anatomy of Respiratory System II: Lower Respiratory Tract

1.4K
The lower respiratory tract is anatomically composed of several vital structures, including the larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, alveoli, lungs, and pleurae. Each component has a specific function, and all are intricately connected to ensure efficient respiration.
The Larynx
It is located between the pharynx and the trachea, acts as a passageway for air, and hosts several critical structures, such as the epiglottis, vocal cords, and glottis. The epiglottis acts as a gateway, guiding food to the...
1.4K
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

3.1K
3.1K
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

7.1K
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
7.1K

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Transcriptome Dynamics in the Developing Larynx, Trachea, and Esophagus.

Kristy D Wendt1,2, Jared Brown3, Vlasta Lungova1

  • 1Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, Head, and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|August 8, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals gene expression patterns during embryonic development of the larynx, trachea, and esophagus. These findings offer insights into the organogenesis of the aerodigestive tract and related disorders.

Keywords:
RNAseqdevelopmentesophaguslarynxmorphogenesistrachea

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Genomics
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • The larynx, trachea, and esophagus develop from a shared embryonic origin.
  • Interdependencies between these organs are suggested by clinical and experimental data.
  • A comprehensive understanding of their early development is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide the first comprehensive transcriptional profile of the embryonic larynx, trachea, and esophagus.
  • To identify gene networks and expression patterns during organogenesis.
  • To characterize laryngeal development from embryo to adulthood.

Main Methods:

  • Bulk RNA sequencing of embryonic mouse larynx, trachea, and esophagus (E10.5-E18.5).
  • Differential gene expression (DEG) analysis and gene network analysis.
  • Transcriptome characterization of laryngeal development post-birth.

Main Results:

  • Identified co-expressed gene modules linked to key biological processes in developing organs.
  • Described organ-specific temporal gene activity patterns.
  • Characterized the laryngeal transcriptome during vocal fold development and maturation.

Conclusions:

  • This study elucidates the gene regulatory networks governing the organogenesis of the tripartite aerodigestive tract.
  • Findings provide novel insights into the molecular basis of laryngeal, tracheal, and esophageal development.
  • The results are relevant for understanding disorders associated with cardiocraniofacial syndromes.