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The relationship between dietary patterns and sleep disorders in shift workers.

Reihaneh Khorasaniha1, Gity Sotoudeh1, Alireza Milajerdi1

  • 1Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Work (Reading, Mass.)
|August 8, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Shift workers consuming diets high in animal protein and low in fruits/vegetables face increased sleep disorder risk. Other dietary patterns showed no significant links to sleep disturbances in this cement factory study.

Keywords:
Food intakecircadian rhythmdietshift work schedulesleep wake disorders

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Nutritional Science
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Limited research exists on diet and sleep disorders in shift workers, especially those exposed to air pollution.
  • Shift work poses unique health challenges, potentially exacerbated by dietary habits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between major dietary patterns and the risk of sleep disorders.
  • Focus on male shift workers within a cement factory environment.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study involving 257 male shift workers in an Iranian cement factory.
  • Dietary intake assessed via a 147-item food frequency questionnaire.
  • Sleep disturbances evaluated using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale.

Main Results:

  • Three dietary patterns identified: Classic Iranian, Modern Iranian, and High Protein Low Fruit and vegetables.
  • No significant association between Classic Iranian or Modern Iranian patterns and sleep disorders.
  • A significant direct association found between the High Protein Low Fruit and vegetables pattern and increased risk of sleep disorders (OR: 3.92).

Conclusions:

  • A dietary pattern characterized by high animal protein, solid oils, and low fruit/vegetable intake is linked to a higher risk of sleep disorders in cement factory shift workers.
  • The identified association highlights the importance of dietary composition in managing sleep disturbances among this occupational group.
  • Further research may explore targeted dietary interventions to mitigate sleep problems in shift workers.