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Updated: Sep 2, 2025
Measuring Progressive Neurological Disability in a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis
Published on: November 14, 2016
Purpose Of Review:
This article provides an update on progressive forms of multiple sclerosis (MS) commonly referred to as primary progressive MS and secondary progressive MS. It discusses the importance of diagnosing and detecting progression early, the similarities between progressive forms, challenges in detecting progression, factors that could augment progression, and the importance of disease-modifying therapies in patients with evidence of active progressive MS. It also discusses the overall care of progressive MS.
Recent Findings:
The pathogenesis of primary progressive MS and secondary progressive MS is overlapping, and in both presentations, patients with relapses or focal MRI activity are classified as having active, progressive MS. All currently approved disease-modifying therapies are indicated for active secondary progressive MS. The therapeutic opportunity of anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of progressive MS is enhanced in those who are younger and have a shorter disease duration. Vascular comorbidities may contribute to progression in MS.
Summary:
Several challenges remain in the diagnosis, follow-up, and treatment of progressive MS. Early identification of active progressive MS is needed to maximize treatment benefit. The advantages of optimal comorbidity management (eg, hypertension, hyperlipidemia) in delaying progression are uncertain. Clinical care guidelines for advanced, severe MS are lacking.
Insights
Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing active progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). While challenges exist, disease-modifying therapies offer benefits, especially in younger patients with shorter disease duration.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Immunology
- Clinical Research
Background:
- Progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) encompasses primary progressive MS (PPMS) and secondary progressive MS (SPMS).
- Understanding the overlapping pathogenesis of PPMS and SPMS is key to effective management.
- Active progressive MS is characterized by relapses or MRI activity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current knowledge on progressive forms of multiple sclerosis.
- To highlight the importance of early diagnosis and intervention in progressive MS.
- To discuss treatment strategies and overall care for patients with progressive MS.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on progressive multiple sclerosis.
- Analysis of diagnostic challenges and progression factors.
- Evaluation of disease-modifying therapies for active progressive MS.
Main Results:
- Disease-modifying therapies are indicated for active secondary progressive MS.
- Therapeutic benefits are greater in younger patients with shorter disease duration.
- Vascular comorbidities may influence MS progression.
Conclusions:
- Early identification of active progressive MS is essential for maximizing treatment efficacy.
- Challenges in diagnosis, follow-up, and treatment persist.
- Guidelines for advanced MS care are needed.
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