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Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging

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Active Cortex Tractography.

Ye Wu¹, Yoonmi Hong¹, Sahar Ahmad¹

¹Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center (BRIC), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA.

Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention : MICCAI ... International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention

|August 8, 2022

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Active Cortex Tractography (ACT) overcomes gyral bias in diffusion MRI tractography. This new method guides streamlines into the cortex, improving accuracy for brain connectivity studies.

Area of Science:

Neuroimaging
Computational Neuroscience
Diffusion MRI

Background:

Diffusion tractography algorithms often suffer from gyral bias.
This bias leads to inaccurate streamline termination at gyral crowns instead of sulcal banks, hindering precise brain connectivity mapping.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce Active Cortex Tractography (ACT), a novel technique designed to mitigate gyral bias in diffusion tractography.
To demonstrate ACT's ability to enable fiber streamlines to curve naturally into the cortex, improving accuracy.

Main Methods:

ACT utilizes a direction scouting mechanism incorporating white matter surface normal vectors.
This mechanism allows streamlines to probe directions and turn at appropriate angles, guided by the white-gray matter interface.

Keywords:

Diffusion MRI Gyral bias Structural connectivity Tractography

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Main Results:

ACT successfully overcomes gyral bias by guiding streamlines into the cortex, perpendicular to the white-gray matter interface.
Evaluations on synthetic, macaque, and human data confirm ACT's improvement in cortical tractography accuracy.

Conclusions:

Active Cortex Tractography (ACT) enhances the precision of diffusion MRI-based brain connectivity analysis.
The method leverages cortical anatomical information to resolve orientation ambiguities in superficial white matter, leading to more reliable tractography results.