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Suicidal behaviors are associated with loneliness and decrease during inpatient CBASP treatment for persistent

Johannes Wolf1, Frank Padberg1, Tabea Nenov-Matt1

  • 1Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.

Journal of Psychiatric Research
|August 8, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Suicidal ideation and behavior in persistent depressive disorder (PDD) are linked to loneliness, not social network size. Cognitive behavioral analysis system of psychotherapy (CBASP) effectively reduced suicidal ideation and behavior in PDD patients.

Keywords:
Borderline personality disorderCBASPLonelinessPersistent depressive disorderSuicidality

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Suicidal ideation and behavior (SIB) are prevalent in persistent depressive disorder (PDD).
  • Interpersonal dysfunction is a potential factor in PDD-related SIB.
  • Limited research exists on interpersonal risk factors for SIB in PDD and psychotherapy effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate loneliness and social network size as interpersonal risk factors for SIB in PDD.
  • Assess the impact of cognitive behavioral analysis system of psychotherapy (CBASP) on SIB in PDD.
  • Compare interpersonal risk factors for SIB in PDD with those in borderline personality disorder (BPD).

Main Methods:

  • Prospective naturalistic study design.
  • 64 PDD patients receiving 10-week inpatient CBASP.
  • 34 BPD patients receiving 10-week inpatient dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) as a comparison group.
  • SIB assessed using Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS).
  • Loneliness and social network size measured by UCLA Loneliness Scale (UCLA) and Social Network Index (SNI).

Main Results:

  • 40.6% of PDD patients and 76.5% of BPD patients reported current SIB at baseline.
  • In PDD, SIB was associated with perceived social isolation (UCLA), but not social network size (SNI).
  • This association between SIB and perceived social isolation was not found in suicidal BPD patients.
  • SIB significantly decreased in PDD patients undergoing CBASP.

Conclusions:

  • Loneliness, rather than social network size, is associated with SIB in PDD.
  • The interpersonal risk factors for SIB differ between PDD and BPD.
  • CBASP demonstrates preliminary efficacy in reducing SIB in PDD patients.
  • Further replication studies are needed to confirm these findings.