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COVID-19 induced Diabetes: A novel presentation
Samruddhi Chandrashekhar Joshi1, Paolo Pozzilli2
1Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, UK.
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
|August 8, 2022
Summary
COVID-19 can cause new-onset diabetes, even in individuals without prior risk factors. This novel form of diabetes, termed COVID-induced diabetes, is linked to higher mortality rates and requires early detection and further study.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Virology
- Metabolic Diseases
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted unique health challenges, including its impact on patients with pre-existing diabetes.
- A novel phenomenon, COVID-induced diabetes, has been observed, particularly in critically ill patients.
Observation:
- COVID-19 infection can lead to dysregulation of glucose homeostasis, resulting in new-onset diabetes and hyperglycemia.
- This presentation occurs even in individuals without previous risk factors for diabetes mellitus.
- Atypical glycemic parameters and increased diabetic ketoacidosis rates suggest a distinct form of diabetes.
Findings:
- COVID-induced diabetes is associated with significantly higher mortality rates and worse outcomes compared to COVID-19 patients with pre-existing diabetes.
- Potential pathophysiological mechanisms include SARS-CoV-2-induced beta cell damage and insulin resistance.
- A spectrum of COVID-induced diabetes presentations has been noted.
Implications:
- Early detection of COVID-induced diabetes is crucial for improving patient prognosis.
- Further research is needed to understand the long-term trajectory and optimal management strategies.
- Assessing beta cell function and insulin resistance over time is essential for elucidating underlying mechanisms.
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