Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Visual System01:26

Visual System

664
Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
664
Vision01:24

Vision

55.1K
Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
55.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Melanopsin-mediated image statistics from natural and human-made environments.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Spectral dataset of natural objects' reflectance from the Southern cone of South America.

Scientific data·2025
Same author

Increased brightness assimilation in rod vision.

iScience·2025
Same author

Corrigendum to "Are ipRGCs involved in human color vision? Hints from physiology, psychophysics, and natural image statistics" [Vis. Res. 217 (2024) 108378].

Vision research·2024
Same author

Are ipRGCs involved in human color vision? Hints from physiology, psychophysics, and natural image statistics.

Vision research·2024
Same author

Modulation transfer function formula for different age ranges.

Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 2, 2025

VisualEyes: A Modular Software System for Oculomotor Experimentation
10:41

VisualEyes: A Modular Software System for Oculomotor Experimentation

Published on: March 25, 2011

12.8K

Optical stimulation systems for studying human vision.

Pablo A Barrionuevo1, Oscar U Preciado2, María L Sandoval Salinas3

  • 1Instituto de Investigación en Luz, Ambiente y Visión, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.

Progress in Brain Research
|August 8, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists use various optical stimulation systems for research, including Maxwellian view and Ganzfeld setups. Proper calibration and characterization are crucial for reliable results in human neural system studies.

Keywords:
Calibration principlesDisplay limitationsGanzfeldMaxwellian viewMonitorsMulti-primary systemsOptical arrangementsPhysical characterizationProjectorsSilent substitution

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: An Accurate and Quantitative Approach to Study Visual Feature Selectivity of the Optokinetic Reflex in Mice
09:28

Author Spotlight: An Accurate and Quantitative Approach to Study Visual Feature Selectivity of the Optokinetic Reflex in Mice

Published on: June 23, 2023

3.0K
Integrated Photoacoustic Ophthalmoscopy and Spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography
11:21

Integrated Photoacoustic Ophthalmoscopy and Spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Published on: January 15, 2013

11.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 2, 2025

VisualEyes: A Modular Software System for Oculomotor Experimentation
10:41

VisualEyes: A Modular Software System for Oculomotor Experimentation

Published on: March 25, 2011

12.8K
Author Spotlight: An Accurate and Quantitative Approach to Study Visual Feature Selectivity of the Optokinetic Reflex in Mice
09:28

Author Spotlight: An Accurate and Quantitative Approach to Study Visual Feature Selectivity of the Optokinetic Reflex in Mice

Published on: June 23, 2023

3.0K
Integrated Photoacoustic Ophthalmoscopy and Spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography
11:21

Integrated Photoacoustic Ophthalmoscopy and Spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Published on: January 15, 2013

11.6K

Area of Science:

  • Visual neuroscience
  • Optical physics
  • Experimental psychology

Background:

  • Optical stimulation is fundamental for studying the human neural system's processing of light.
  • Existing systems range from classical setups to modern multi-primary displays.
  • Accurate experimental parameters are vital for reproducible research outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review common optical stimulation systems used in scientific research.
  • To discuss limitations and essential calibration principles for optical stimulators.
  • To highlight potential artifacts in optical stimulation experiments.

Main Methods:

  • Categorization of optical stimulation systems into nonimage-forming and image-forming.
  • Examination of Maxwellian view and Ganzfeld stimulators.
  • Analysis of multi-primary displays and off-the-shelf devices.

Main Results:

  • Identification of limitations including color gamut, sampling frequency, and spatial resolution.
  • Emphasis on the necessity of characterization and calibration for experimental reliability.
  • Presentation of key characteristics: spectral power distribution, additivity, and temporal stability.

Conclusions:

  • Researchers must carefully select and calibrate optical stimulators for accurate studies.
  • Understanding system limitations and potential artifacts is critical for valid experimental design.
  • Standardized characterization ensures the reliability of findings in visual neuroscience research.