Biosynthesis and biophysical elucidation of CuO nanoparticle from Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn Leaf

Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) synthesis using an environmentally benign approach, as well as their antibacterial properties. Copper sulphate pentahydrate (CuSO₄.5H₂O) of different concentrations (2 mM, 5 mM and 10 mM) and aqueous Nyctanthes arbor-tristis leaf extract were used to make the CuO NPs. The synthesised CuO NPs are characterised by UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). UV-vis spectroscopy confirmed the presence of CuO NPs. The functional groups of the active components were identified using the FTIR spectra of the control (leaf extract) and CuO NPs. SEM pictures revealed that the particles were rectangular, truncated triangle and spherical in shape, with sizes ranging between 4.9 nm, 18.4 nm and 23.8 nm determined using X-ray diffraction. The antibacterial activity of the produced CuO NPs was further evaluated using the well diffusion method. By observing inhibition zones around each well, the nanoparticles were revealed to have broad antibacterial action against human pathogenic bacterial strains Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus withs the 7 ± 0.70-mm and 7 ± 0.21-mm inhibitory zone size respectively followed by 08 μg/mL and 2.5 μg/mL MIC respectively. Thus, these outputs concluded that the CuO NPs exhibited miraculous effect and it might be boon towards nanomedical science, pharmaceuticals and health industries. KEY POINTS: • Biosynthesis of CuO nanoparticle • Multifaceted utilization • Broad spectrum antimicrobial activity.