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Coronary Progenitor Cells and Soluble Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Prognosis after Coronary Angioplasty
Published on: January 28, 2020
Tenascin-C as a noninvasive biomarker of coronary artery disease
Akram Gholipour1, Farshad Shakerian1,2, Ali Zahedmehr2
1Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Insights
Tenascin-C (TNC) is a potential noninvasive biomarker for coronary artery disease (CAD). Elevated TNC expression in serum exosomes and during endothelial cell differentiation is linked to CAD, aiding in early detection.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Research
- Biomarker Discovery
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading global cause of death.
- Tenascin-C (TNC) is implicated in atherosclerotic plaque rupture and endothelial dysfunction.
- Early detection biomarkers for CAD are of significant clinical interest.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate Tenascin-C (TNC) expression in serum exosomes and during endothelial cell differentiation as a noninvasive biomarker for CAD.
- To assess the diagnostic potential of TNC for early detection of coronary artery disease.
Main Methods:
- Analyzed TNC expression using RNA-sequencing data from CAD and normal blood exosome samples.
- Investigated TNC expression in serum samples from CAD patients and controls via qRT-PCR.
- Utilized ROC curve analysis to determine the efficacy of TNC as a CAD biomarker.
Main Results:
- TNC expression was significantly higher in exosomes from CAD patients compared to non-CAD individuals.
- TNC expression showed upregulation during endothelial differentiation, followed by downregulation in mature cells.
- Serum TNC levels were significantly upregulated in the CAD group, with an AUC of 0.744, distinguishing CAD from non-CAD samples.
Conclusions:
- This study is the first to associate altered TNC expression with pathological CAD in Iranian patients.
- TNC expression plays a role in endothelial differentiation and the development of CAD.
- TNC demonstrates potential as a valuable noninvasive biomarker for CAD diagnosis.
Background:
Coronary artery disease (CAD), is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Tenascin-C (TNC) with high expression levels in inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases, leads to the rupture of atherosclerotic plaques. The origin of plaque destabilization can be associated to endothelial dysfunction. Given the high prevalence of CAD, finding valuable biomarkers for its early detection is of great interest. Using serum samples from patients with CAD and individuals without CAD, we assessed the efficacy of TNC expression levels in serum exosomes and during endothelial cell differentiation as a noninvasive biomarker of CAD.
Methods:
TNC expression was analyzed using the RNA-sequencing data sets of 6 CAD and 6 normal samples of blood exosomes and endothelial differentiation transitions. Additionally, TNC expression was investigated in the serum samples of patients with CAD and individuals without CAD via qRT-PCR. ROC curve analysis was employed to test the suitability of TNC expression alterations as a CAD biomarker.
Results:
TNC exhibited higher expression in the exosomes of the CAD samples than in those of the non-CAD samples. During endothelial differentiation, TNC expression was upregulated and then consistently downregulated in mature endothelial cells. Moreover, TNC was significantly upregulated in the serum of the CAD group (P = 0.02), with an AUC of 0.744 for the expression level (95% confidence interval, 0.582 to 0.907; P = 0.011). Hence its expression level can be discriminated CAD from non-CAD samples.
Discussion:
Our study is the first to confirm that altered TNC expression is associated with pathological CAD conditions in Iranian patients. The expression of TNC is involved in endothelial differentiation and CAD development. Accordingly, TNC can serve as a valuable noninvasive biomarker with potential application in CAD diagnosis.
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