Automated Three-Dimensional Liver Reconstruction with Artificial Intelligence for Virtual Hepatectomy
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Updated: Sep 2, 2025
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Published on: May 23, 2025
Takeshi Takamoto1, Daisuke Ban2, Satoshi Nara2
1Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan. ttakamot@ncc.go.jp.
Objective:
To validate the newly developed artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted simulation by evaluating the speed of three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction and accuracy of segmental volumetry among patients with liver tumors.
Background:
AI with a deep learning algorithm based on healthy liver computer tomography images has been developed to assist three-dimensional liver reconstruction in virtual hepatectomy.
Methods:
3D reconstruction using hepatic computed tomography scans of 144 patients with liver tumors was performed using two different versions of Synapse 3D (Fujifilm, Tokyo, Japan): the manual method based on the tracking algorithm and the AI-assisted method. Processing time to 3D reconstruction and volumetry of whole liver, tumor-containing and tumor-free segments were compared.
Results:
The median total liver volume and the volume ratio of a tumor-containing and a tumor-free segment were calculated as 1035 mL, 9.4%, and 9.8% by the AI-assisted reconstruction, whereas 1120 mL, 9.9%, and 9.3% by the manual reconstruction method. The mean absolute deviations were 16.7 mL and 1.0% in the tumor-containing segment and 15.5 mL and 1.0% in the tumor-free segment. The processing time was shorter in the AI-assisted (2.1 vs. 35.0 min; p < 0.001).
Conclusions:
The virtual hepatectomy, including functional liver volumetric analysis, using the 3D liver models reconstructed by the AI-assisted methods, was reliable for the practical planning of liver tumor resections.
