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Towards defining the core Saccharum microbiome: input from five genotypes.

Juliane K Ishida1,2, Andressa P Bini3, Silvana Creste3

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Summary

Sugarcane genotypes shape their unique microbial communities, with distinct endophytic and epiphytic bacteria. Specific bacteria like Acinetobacter and Serratia symbiotica are consistently found across diverse sugarcane types.

Keywords:
PhyllospherePlant tissuesRhizosphereSoil microbiotaSugarcaneV3-V4 rDNA

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Science
  • Microbiology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • The plant microbiome offers new avenues for sustainable crop production through biotechnology.
  • Understanding sugarcane's microbial communities is crucial for optimizing crop yields and resilience.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamic, structure, and composition of exophytic and endophytic microbial communities in various sugarcane genotypes.
  • To identify the influence of host genotype versus environmental factors on microbial community assembly in sugarcane.

Main Methods:

  • Large-scale 16S rDNA sequencing was employed to analyze microbial communities.
  • Comparative analysis was performed across two commercial sugarcane cultivars, two cultivated genotypes, and one wild species.

Main Results:

  • 1372 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were identified, with distinct microbial profiles in root/soil versus stem/leaf samples.
  • Endophytic and epiphytic communities formed separate groups, indicating host-driven selection.
  • A strong genotype influence on microbial community assembly was observed, with 220 ASVs found across all tested Saccharum species.

Conclusions:

  • Sugarcane genotypes harbor distinct microbial communities, with common and cultivar-specific ASVs identified across tissues.
  • Host genotype significantly impacts microbial community composition, with minimal soil influence except in the root system.
  • Further research is needed to determine the relative contributions of genotype and environment to microbial selection in sugarcane.