[Mucosal lichen planus-a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge]

Area of Science:

• Immunodermatology
• Oral Medicine

Background:

• Mucosal lichen planus (MLP) is a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting various mucosal surfaces.
• It is characterized by frequent relapses and therapeutic resistance, often persisting for 3-10 years.
• The exact pathophysiology remains unclear, but involves a lymphocytic infiltrate at the dermoepidermal junction.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the characteristics, pathophysiology, and treatment of mucosal lichen planus.
• To highlight the challenges in managing MLP due to its chronic nature and resistance to therapy.
• To discuss current and emerging treatment modalities for MLP.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of mucosal lichen planus.
• Analysis of disease presentation, chronicity, and morphology.
• Evaluation of established and novel therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

• MLP presents with diverse morphologies, including striae, erosions, erythema, and atrophy.
• Standard treatments include topical corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors.
• Systemic therapies and novel agents like JAK inhibitors and biologics are being investigated.

Conclusions:

• Mucosal lichen planus is a complex, chronic inflammatory condition requiring long-term management.
• Treatment resistance and frequent relapses pose significant clinical challenges.
• Emerging therapies offer potential for improved outcomes in managing MLP.