Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 2, 2025
05:07
Characterizing Extracellular Vesicles from Biological Fluids
Published on: February 28, 2025
502
Urinary extracellular vesicles and tubular transport
Crissy F Rudolphi1, Charles J Blijdorp1, Hester van Willigenburg1
1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Summary
Urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs) reflect kidney tubular transporter function, offering a noninvasive method to study kidney health and disease. Analysis of these uEVs shows promise for diagnosing conditions like hypertension and inherited tubulopathies.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Kidney tubular transport is crucial for maintaining electrolyte and acid-base balance.
- Urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs) contain transporters from kidney tubular epithelial cells.
- Protein correlations suggest uEVs mirror kidney tubular transporter abundance.
Approach:
- Review of current literature on uEVs and kidney tubular transport.
- Analysis of uEV proteome to identify kidney-specific markers.
- Exploration of uEVs as a noninvasive tool for probing kidney function.
Key Points:
- uEVs provide a window into the apical plasma membrane of tubular epithelial cells.
- uEV profiling has been used for diagnosing rare inherited tubulopathies and common diseases like hypertension and kidney disease.
- uEVs hold potential for molecular-level diagnosis of kidney disease.
Conclusions:
- uEVs represent a promising noninvasive tool for assessing kidney tubular function.
- Further research is needed to address biological and technical challenges for clinical application.
- uEV analysis may evolve into a valuable diagnostic tool for kidney diseases.
Related Concept Videos
01:15Drug Elimination by Renal Route: Tubular Secretion
2.5K
Once the process of glomerular filtration is completed, blood carrying unfiltered drug molecules traverses through efferent arterioles and makes its way into the peritubular capillaries in the proximal tubule. A variety of carriers play a pivotal role in actively secreting drugs from these peritubular capillaries into the tubular fluid. The organic anion transporter transfers acidic drugs, against an electrochemical gradient, from the peritubular capillaries into the renal tubule cells and...
2.5K
01:28Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion
3.0K
Tubular secretion and reabsorption are two critical processes in the nephron tubule of the kidneys. When the fluid filtered from the glomerulus enters the proximal convoluted tubule, it is referred to as filtrate, and its composition changes due to tubular reabsorption and secretion.
Tubular reabsorption is a selective process that starts when the filtrate enters the proximal tubules. It involves substances traveling through the transcellular route (through the tubule cell and peritubular...
Tubular reabsorption is a selective process that starts when the filtrate enters the proximal tubules. It involves substances traveling through the transcellular route (through the tubule cell and peritubular...
3.0K
01:22Physiology of the Genitourinary System II: Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion
91
The kidneys maintain homeostasis through filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. Tubular reabsorption and secretion are crucial in forming urine and regulating electrolytes, water balance, and waste elimination.Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion ProcessesTubular reabsorption is the process that reclaims essential substances such as electrolytes, glucose, amino acids, and water from the glomerular filtrate back into the bloodstream. This is achieved through passive and active transport...
91
01:28Renal Drug Excretion: Tubular Secretion
281
Active tubular secretion is a robust, energy-demanding process that utilizes carrier systems to transport drugs into renal tubules. The active renal secretion systems include the organic anion transporter (OAT) for weak acids and the organic cation transporter (OCT) for weak bases. Structurally similar drugs can compete for the same transporter, potentially leading to drug accumulation and toxicity. However, this principle can be exploited therapeutically. One example is probenecid (Probalan),...
281
01:29Physiology of the Genitourinary System I: Renal Blood Flow and Glomerular Filtration
72
The kidneys are vital organs responsible for regulating blood filtration, waste excretion, and fluid balance, all of which are crucial for maintaining homeostasis. Renal physiology examines renal blood flow, glomerular filtration, and urine formation, ensuring the body’s internal environment remains stable.Renal Blood FlowThe kidneys receive about 20-25% of the cardiac output, typically around 1200 mL of blood per minute in an average adult. Blood flows into the kidneys through the renal...
72
01:45Vesicular Tubular Clusters
2.6K
After budding out from the ER membrane, some COPII vesicles lose their coat and fuse with one another to form larger vesicles and interconnected tubules called vesicular tubular clusters or VTCs. These clusters constitute a compartment at the ER-Golgi interface known as ERGIC (Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Intermediate Compartment). The ERGIC is a mobile membrane-bound cargo transport system that sorts proteins secreted from ER and delivers them to the Golgi.
With the help of motor proteins such...
With the help of motor proteins such...
2.6K