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Review and Preview01:13

Review and Preview

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Data are individual items of information obtained from a population or sample. Data may be classified as qualitative (categorical), quantitative continuous, or quantitative discrete. Because it is not practical to measure the entire population in a study, researchers use samples to represent the population. A random sample is a representative group from the population chosen by using a method that gives each individual in the population an equal chance of being included in the sample. Random...
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Monkeypox: A Review.

Tanu Singhal1, S K Kabra2, Rakesh Lodha3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics and Infectious Disease, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|August 10, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Monkeypox, a viral disease related to smallpox, is spreading globally. Early diagnosis, vaccination, and a "one health" approach are crucial for controlling this public health emergency.

Keywords:
MonkeypoxPox virusSmallpoxTecorivimat

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Monkeypox is a zoonotic viral disease caused by a poxvirus related to the smallpox virus.
  • Historically endemic to Africa, recent outbreaks have led to a global health emergency, with over 16,000 cases reported in non-endemic countries.
  • Previous smallpox vaccination offers partial protection, but the virus's spread necessitates urgent global attention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of the monkeypox virus, its transmission, clinical manifestations, and current global outbreak.
  • To highlight diagnostic methods, treatment options, and preventive strategies, including vaccination and public health interventions.
  • To emphasize the need for a coordinated global response to control the ongoing monkeypox outbreak.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on monkeypox epidemiology, virology, and clinical presentation.
  • Analysis of data from recent global outbreaks, including case numbers and demographic information.
  • Evaluation of diagnostic techniques, therapeutic interventions, and public health control measures.

Main Results:

  • Monkeypox presents with fever and lymphadenopathy, followed by a characteristic centrifugal rash.
  • While most cases are self-limiting (2-4 weeks), complications can occur in vulnerable populations like children and the immunocompromised.
  • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the standard for specific diagnosis, and tecovirimat shows promise as an antiviral treatment.

Conclusions:

  • The global spread of monkeypox requires enhanced surveillance, rapid diagnosis, and isolation of infected individuals.
  • Vaccination strategies targeting high-risk groups and close contacts, alongside a "one health" approach, are essential for outbreak control.
  • The World Health Organization's declaration of a public health emergency underscores the need for immediate and multifaceted intervention.