Increase in glycemic set point, alongside a decrease in waist circumference, in the non-diabetic population during
Takuya Sugiyama1, Yuya Yamada1, Yoshito Ito1
1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sumitomo Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
Plos One
|August 10, 2022
Summary
The "glycemic set point" increased in non-diabetic Japanese adults after a national metabolic syndrome intervention. This suggests lifestyle changes may impact metabolic health independently of obesity, warranting further investigation.
Area of Science:
- Metabolic Health
- Public Health Policy
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Japan's 2008 National Intervention Program for metabolic syndrome aimed to reduce metabolic risks.
- Low-risk individuals were not direct targets but were indirectly influenced by the campaign.
- Understanding metabolic shifts in this group can inform future public health strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate metabolic changes in low-risk, non-diabetic individuals before and after the national intervention program.
- To assess potential obesity-independent metabolic shifts in the general population.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional analysis of health check-up data from non-diabetic participants (2007-2008 vs. 2015-2016).
- Pair-matching based on sex, age, smoking status, hemoglobin, and red blood cell count.
- Analysis included 3,140 men and 2,048 women.
Main Results:
- Participants exhibited lower waist circumference, blood pressure, heart rate, and serum lipids in the later period.
- Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels increased, particularly in women.
- Pancreatic beta-cell function (adjusted for insulin resistance) showed a significant decline in both sexes.
Conclusions:
- A shift towards a higher "glycemic set point" was observed in non-diabetic Japanese adults.
- Obesity-independent pathways, potentially affecting beta-cell function, may underlie these metabolic changes.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms driving this glycemic shift.
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