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Author Spotlight: Enhancing Grasping Abilities for Hemiplegic Patients with Flexible Robotic Limbs
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Upper limb soft robotic wearable devices: a systematic review.

Elena Bardi1, Marta Gandolla2, Francesco Braghin2

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy. elena.bardi@polimi.it.

Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation
|August 10, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Soft robotic exosuits offer flexible upper limb support as an alternative to rigid devices. While most are for rehabilitation or assistance, further clinical trials are needed to assess their market readiness and effectiveness.

Keywords:
Assistive technologyExoskeletonsExosuitsRehabilitation roboticsSoft roboticsUpper limb

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Area of Science:

  • Robotics
  • Wearable Technology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Soft robotic exosuits provide a flexible alternative to rigid exoskeletons for upper limb support.
  • Their design enhances comfort, usability, and portability without restricting natural movement.
  • This review explores current approaches in the design and production of upper limb robotic exosuits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze existing literature on upper limb robotic exosuits.
  • To guide readers through design and production strategies for these devices.
  • To understand current trends in exosuit technology, including actuation, control, and application.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.
  • Analysis of 105 articles detailing 69 different exosuit devices.
  • Features investigated include intended scenario, actuation, degrees of freedom, control strategies, technology readiness level, and experimental evaluations.

Main Results:

  • Over 80% of reviewed exosuits are designed for rehabilitation or assistance.
  • Pneumatic actuation (52%) and DC motors with cable transmission (29%) are the most common actuation types.
  • Most devices actuate 1-2 degrees of freedom, targeting the elbow and shoulder; 33% incorporate intention detection, and 75% are at Technology Readiness Level 4 or 5.

Conclusions:

  • Exosuits demonstrate significant potential for assisting daily activities.
  • Few current devices are market-ready, highlighting the need for further development.
  • Standardized clinical trials are essential to evaluate the effectiveness of upper limb exosuits for target users.