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Intravitreal Injection and Quantitation of Infection Parameters in a Mouse Model of Bacterial Endophthalmitis
Published on: February 6, 2021
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Cytokine Expression in Staphylococcal and Streptococcal Endophthalmitis
Marcus Y Soon1, Penelope J Allen1,2,3, Rosie C H Dawkins1,2,3
1Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Biomedicine Hub
|August 11, 2022
Summary
This review characterizes cytokine expression in bacterial endophthalmitis. Elevated cytokines correlate with disease severity and visual prognosis, suggesting therapeutic targets for preventing vision loss.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Immunology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Endophthalmitis is a severe ocular infection impacting vision.
- Cytokine expression is central to understanding immunomodulatory therapies for endophthalmitis.
- This review systematically analyzes cytokine profiles in bacterial endophthalmitis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize cytokine expression in staphylococcal and streptococcal endophthalmitis.
- To explore the relationship between cytokine levels and visual outcomes.
- To identify potential therapeutic targets for endophthalmitis.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review of four online databases.
- Inclusion of 14 studies (8 animal models, 6 human populations).
- Analysis of cytokine levels in various bacterial endophthalmitis models.
Main Results:
- Animal models showed elevated IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-8.
- Human endophthalmitis exhibited increased pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators.
- Cytokine concentrations correlated with initial visual acuity and prognosis, but inconsistently.
Conclusions:
- Pathogen virulence factors and TLR activation may influence visual outcomes.
- Cytokine pathways and anti-inflammatory mediators are crucial for disease severity and treatment.
- Further research is needed to link pathogens, inflammation, and endophthalmitis outcomes for clinical applications.
