Lymphogranuloma venereum: an emerging problem in Poland

Area of Science:

• Infectious Diseases
• Public Health
• Sexually Transmitted Infections

Background:

• Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is a sexually transmitted infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis serovars L1-3.
• LGV incidence is increasing globally, particularly in developed countries, and predominantly affects men who have sex with men (MSM).
• LGV can present asymptomatically or as severe proctitis/proctocolitis, often misdiagnosed as other Chlamydia trachomatis infections or inflammatory conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct a systematic review of Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV).
• To report two new cases of LGV diagnosed in Poland.
• To highlight the importance of accurate LGV diagnosis and management.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review on LGV epidemiology, clinical presentation, and diagnosis.
• Case report of two patients diagnosed with LGV in Poland.
• Analysis of diagnostic challenges and treatment implications.

Main Results:

• LGV is caused by specific Chlamydia trachomatis serovars (L1-3).
• The study reviewed existing literature and presented two new LGV cases from Poland.
• Misdiagnosis of LGV can lead to delayed treatment and complications.

Conclusions:

• Accurate diagnosis of LGV is essential for appropriate treatment and preventing severe sequelae.
• Increased awareness and diagnostic vigilance are needed, especially among MSM populations.
• Effective management of LGV requires distinguishing it from other Chlamydia trachomatis infections.