Technological Breakthroughs in Chip Fabrication, Transfer, and Color Conversion for High-Performance Micro-LED...

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Optoelectronics
• Display Technology

Background:

• Micro light-emitting diodes (micro-LEDs) are inorganic light-emitting diodes with sizes less than 100 µm², offering superior features over traditional displays.
• Despite advancements since 2012, mass production of micro-LED displays faces challenges including low quantum efficiency, complex transfer processes, and color conversion difficulties.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current methods for enhancing the quantum efficiency of GaN-based micro-LEDs affected by the size effect.
• To discuss novel transfer technologies for large-area micro-LED display manufacturing.
• To address color conversion materials and deposition techniques for high-performance displays.

Main Methods:

• Examining wet chemical treatment, passivation layers, LED structure design, and self-passivated growth for quantum efficiency improvement.
• Investigating pick-up transfer and self-assembly methods for high-yield, reliable micro-LED display fabrication.
• Analyzing quantum dots for color conversion and printing methods like electrohydrodynamic jet printing and contact printing.

Main Results:

• Technological breakthroughs have addressed key challenges in micro-LED display production.
• Methods for improving quantum efficiency, enabling efficient transfer, and simplifying color conversion have been developed.
• These advancements are crucial for the commercialization of cost-effective, high-performance micro-LED displays.

Conclusions:

• Micro-LED technology is rapidly advancing towards commercial viability.
• Overcoming challenges in efficiency, transfer, and color conversion is critical for widespread adoption.
• This review highlights promising solutions and future directions for high-performance display development.