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Anticipated and Experienced Stigma After Testing Positive for SARS-CoV-2: A Qualitative Study
Shelley N Facente1,2, Mariah De Zuzuarregui1, Darren Frank1
1University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Health Promotion Practice
|August 11, 2022
Summary
COVID-19 diagnosis can lead to stigma, with individuals experiencing shame and discrimination. Public health messaging must use equitable language and community partnerships to reduce stigma and improve trust.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Sociology
- Health Communication
Background:
- Stigma surrounding COVID-19 has impacted public health efforts.
- Understanding experienced and anticipated stigma is crucial for effective interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore stigma experienced by individuals affiliated with a U.S. university after COVID-19 testing.
- To analyze how public health messaging may contribute to or mitigate stigma.
Main Methods:
- Qualitative secondary substudy of 30 participants (20 SARS-CoV-2 positive, 10 negative).
- Participants selected from a larger study of university students and employees.
Main Results:
- No anticipated stigma before testing positive.
- Post-diagnosis stigma included feelings of guilt, shame, and concerns about irresponsibility.
- Some participants faced service denial or social exclusion post-infection.
- Need for clear, scientifically accurate public health messaging was highlighted.
Conclusions:
- Public health messaging can inadvertently perpetuate stigma and inequities.
- Stigma may lead to avoidance of testing, treatment, and mistrust in health guidance.
- Equitable language, community partnerships, and clear scientific information are vital for reducing COVID-19-related stigma.
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