Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Seedless Vascular Plants03:24

Seedless Vascular Plants

61.1K
Seedless Vascular Plants Were the First Tall Plants on Earth
61.1K
Seed Structure and Early Development of the Sporophyte02:33

Seed Structure and Early Development of the Sporophyte

29.0K
Seed structures are composed of a protective seed coat surrounding a plant embryo, and a food store for the developing embryo. The embryo contains the precursor tissues for leaves, stem, and roots. The endosperm and cotyledons—seed leaves—act as the food reserves for the growing embryo.
29.0K
Meristems and Plant Growth02:36

Meristems and Plant Growth

46.6K
Plants grow throughout their lives; this is called indeterminate growth, and it distinguishes plants from most animals. Although certain parts of plants stop growing (e.g., leaves and flowers), others grow continuously—like roots and stems.
46.6K
The Angiosperm Life Cycle02:39

The Angiosperm Life Cycle

66.7K
Plants have a life cycle split between two multicellular stages: a haploid stage—with cells containing one set of chromosomes—and a diploid stage—with cells containing two sets of chromosomes. The haploid stage is the gamete-producing gametophyte, and the diploid stage is the spore-producing sporophyte.
66.7K
The Pineal Gland01:02

The Pineal Gland

2.4K
The pineal gland, a diminutive endocrine structure named for its pinecone-shaped appearance, is situated atop the third ventricle within the diencephalon region of the forebrain. This gland, composed of secretory cells known as pinealocytes arranged in compact cords and clusters around dense particles of calcium salts, plays a pivotal role in hormonal regulation.
The primary secretion of the pineal gland is the hormone melatonin, derived from serotonin. The concentration of melatonin in the...
2.4K
Primary and Secondary Growth in Roots and Shoots03:02

Primary and Secondary Growth in Roots and Shoots

57.8K
Vascular plants, which account for over 90% of the Earth’s vegetation, all undergo primary growth—which lengthens roots and shoots. Many land plants, notably woody plants, also undergo secondary growth—which thickens roots and shoots.
57.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Physiological and molecular response to drought in somatic plants from Pinus radiata embryonal masses induced at high temperatures.

Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB·2025
Same author

Current status of the cryopreservation of embryogenic material of woody species.

Frontiers in plant science·2024
Same author

Proteomic and Metabolic Analysis of <i>Pinus halepensis</i> Mill. Embryonal Masses Induced under Heat Stress.

International journal of molecular sciences·2023
Same author

Testing Explant Sources, Culture Media, and Light Conditions for the Improvement of Organogenesis in <i>Pinus ponderosa</i> (P. Lawson and C. Lawson).

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)·2023
Same author

Reducing Pre- and Post-Treatments in Cryopreservation Protocol and Testing Storage at -80 °C for Norway Spruce Embryogenic Cultures.

International journal of molecular sciences·2022
Same author

Editorial: Roles and regulatory mechanisms of ABA in plant development.

Frontiers in plant science·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 1, 2025

Author Spotlight: In Vitro Co-Culture System of Pine Shoots and Pinewood Nematode for Studying Host Volatile Response
08:42

Author Spotlight: In Vitro Co-Culture System of Pine Shoots and Pinewood Nematode for Studying Host Volatile Response

Published on: September 27, 2024

856

Somatic Embryogenesis in Pines.

Ander Castander-Olarieta1, Paloma Moncaleán1, Itziar A Montalbán2

  • 1Department of Forestry, NEIKER-BRTA. Arkaute Centre, Álava, Spain.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|August 11, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Somatic embryogenesis in Pinus species offers mass propagation for forestry. Recent advancements aim for efficient, high-quality plant production, focusing on climate change adaptation to overcome high costs.

Keywords:
Abiotic stressConiferCryopreservationForest BiotechnologyMicropropagationSomatic Embryos

More Related Videos

Non-radioactive in situ Hybridization Protocol Applicable for Norway Spruce and a Range of Plant Species
11:56

Non-radioactive in situ Hybridization Protocol Applicable for Norway Spruce and a Range of Plant Species

Published on: April 17, 2009

21.1K
Protocols for Obtaining Zygotic and Somatic Embryos for Studying the Regulation of Early Embryo Development in the Model Legume Medicago truncatula
07:32

Protocols for Obtaining Zygotic and Somatic Embryos for Studying the Regulation of Early Embryo Development in the Model Legume Medicago truncatula

Published on: June 9, 2015

14.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 1, 2025

Author Spotlight: In Vitro Co-Culture System of Pine Shoots and Pinewood Nematode for Studying Host Volatile Response
08:42

Author Spotlight: In Vitro Co-Culture System of Pine Shoots and Pinewood Nematode for Studying Host Volatile Response

Published on: September 27, 2024

856
Non-radioactive in situ Hybridization Protocol Applicable for Norway Spruce and a Range of Plant Species
11:56

Non-radioactive in situ Hybridization Protocol Applicable for Norway Spruce and a Range of Plant Species

Published on: April 17, 2009

21.1K
Protocols for Obtaining Zygotic and Somatic Embryos for Studying the Regulation of Early Embryo Development in the Model Legume Medicago truncatula
07:32

Protocols for Obtaining Zygotic and Somatic Embryos for Studying the Regulation of Early Embryo Development in the Model Legume Medicago truncatula

Published on: June 9, 2015

14.1K

Area of Science:

  • Plant Biotechnology
  • Forestry Science
  • Plant Tissue Culture

Background:

  • Somatic embryogenesis is a key in vitro technique for plant propagation and developing biotechnological tools in forestry.
  • This technique, combined with cryopreservation, forms the foundation for multivarietal forestry, with development in forest trees dating back to 1985.
  • Recent research focuses on optimizing conifer somatic embryogenesis for efficiency in quantity and plant quality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize recent somatic embryogenesis systems for producing high-quality Pinus spp. plants.
  • To address the challenges of commercial implementation due to high costs associated with manual labor.
  • To explore the development of Pinus somatic plants with enhanced adaptation to environmental stresses, particularly those related to climate change.

Main Methods:

  • Review and summarization of recent advancements in somatic embryogenesis protocols for Pinus species.
  • Focus on optimizing efficiency in terms of plant quantity and quality.
  • Investigation into strategies for improving plant adaptation to environmental stresses.

Main Results:

  • Development of improved somatic embryogenesis systems for Pinus species.
  • Identification of challenges in commercial scalability due to high production costs.
  • Ongoing research aimed at producing climate-resilient somatic plantlets.

Conclusions:

  • Somatic embryogenesis is crucial for advancing Pinus forestry, enabling mass propagation and improved plant characteristics.
  • Further refinement is needed to overcome economic barriers and enable widespread commercial application.
  • Future research is directed towards enhancing plant resilience to climate change, adding value to somatic plant production.