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Updated: Sep 1, 2025

A Robotic Platform for High-throughput Protoplast Isolation and Transformation
Published on: September 27, 2016
Citrus Protoplast Isolation and Plant Regeneration Through Somatic Embryogenesis
Leonardo Soriano1, Ahmad A Omar2,3, Adriana Pinheiro Martinelli4
1University of São Paulo, CENA, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
Abstract:
Protoplasts are an attractive explant source for biotechnological tools widely used on citrus genetic improvement, such as somatic hybridization and direct genetic transformation. These delicate and responsive materials are subjected to cell proliferation induction and differentiation of somatic embryos which further regenerate into entire plants. The isolation of viable protoplasts followed by regeneration of plants through somatic embryogenesis is an important methodology for breeding applications. The methods presented here can also be used as a reference for protoplast work in other species, followed by protocol optimization for different species/genotypes.
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