Photocatalytic Removal of the Greenhouse Gas Nitrous Oxide by Liposomal Microreactors

Nitrous oxide (N₂ O) is a potent greenhouse and ozone-reactive gas for which emissions are growing rapidly due to increasingly intensive agriculture. Synthetic catalysts for N₂ O decomposition typically contain precious metals and/or operate at elevated temperatures driving a desire for more sustainable alternatives. Here we demonstrate self-assembly of liposomal microreactors enabling catalytic reduction of N₂ O to the climate neutral product N₂ . Photoexcitation of graphitic N-doped carbon dots delivers electrons to encapsulated N₂ O Reductase enzymes via a lipid-soluble biomolecular wire provided by the MtrCAB protein complex. Within the microreactor, electron transfer from MtrCAB to N₂ O Reductase is facilitated by the general redox mediator methyl viologen. The liposomal microreactors use only earth-abundant elements to catalyze N₂ O removal in ambient, aqueous conditions.