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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 1, 2025

Sample Preparation in Quartz Crystal Microbalance Measurements of Protein Adsorption and Polymer Mechanics
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A Two-Phase Model for Adsorption from Solution Using Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation.

Sarah A Berlinger1, Xunkai Chen1, Maxim Yutkin2

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720 United States.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|August 11, 2022
PubMed
Summary

A new two-phase (2P) model accurately interprets Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation (QCM-D) data for adsorbed layers. This model distinguishes adsorbate from solvent, correcting mass overestimation and improving understanding of solution-adsorption physics.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation (QCM-D) is a powerful technique for monitoring thin film properties.
  • Current QCM-D data interpretation models assume a homogeneous adlayer, which inaccurately represents solution-adsorption phenomena.
  • These models fail to account for adsorbate tethering and solvent inclusion in mass, leading to errors, especially at low coverages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a more accurate model for interpreting QCM-D data in solution-adsorption studies.
  • To address the limitations of homogeneous adlayer models by incorporating two distinct phases: adsorbate and solvent.
  • To improve the quantitative analysis of adsorption kinetics and isotherms using QCM-D.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a two-phase (2P) continuum model that self-consistently separates adsorbate and solvent contributions.
  • Inclusion of friction between the adsorbed layer and the flowing solvent.
  • Comparison of the 2P model with existing Sauerbrey and Voinova models for rigid and viscoelastic adlayers, respectively.

Main Results:

  • The 2P model accurately distinguishes between adsorbate adsorption and homogeneous film adsorption.
  • Demonstrated that current methods overestimate adsorbate mass by including solvent.
  • Showcased the impact of 2P adlayer properties (volume fraction, elasticity, thickness) on QCM-D frequency and dissipation shifts across different overtones.

Conclusions:

  • Distinguishing between adsorbate and solvent phases is critical for accurate QCM-D data interpretation.
  • The developed 2P model provides a more physically realistic framework for analyzing adsorption processes.
  • This advancement enables more precise determination of adlayer mass and mechanical properties in QCM-D studies.